ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2023
Rehabilitative interventions for impaired handwriting in people with Parkinson's disease: a scoping review.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Auditory cueing modulates motor performance and brain activity in early Parkinson's disease-a kinematic and fMRI study.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- A quantitative investigation of the handwriting kinematics in response to STN-DBS in Parkinson's disease patients.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2026Article
- Construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the systematic screening of handwriting difficulties (SOS) test in people with Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Handwriting, touchscreen dexterity and bradykinesia measures in Parkinson's disease: a feature selection study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Symptom Networks and Associations with Quality of Life in Patients with Early to Mid-Stage Parkinson's Disease: A Network Analysis.Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2025Article
- Neural correlates of bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease: a kinematic and functional MRI study.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Sensorimotor Network Segregation Predicts Long-Term Learning of Writing Skills in Parkinson's Disease.Brain sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople with Parkinson's disease (PD) often complain about handwriting difficulties. Currently, there is no consensus on the rehabilitative treatment and outcome measures for handwriting rehabilitation in PD.
objectivesThis study aims to investigate evidence on handwriting rehabilitation in people with PD, examining characteristics of interventions and outcomes.
methodsA scoping review was conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA-ScR List. We searched electronic databases of PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase since inception to January 2023. We included interventional studies assessing the effects of structured rehabilitation programs for impaired handwriting in people with PD. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing Risk of Bias version 2 or the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies. We performed a narrative analysis on training characteristics and assessed outcomes.
resultsWe included eight studies. The risk of bias was generally high. Either handwriting-specific or handwriting-non-specific trainings were proposed, and most studies provided a home-based training. Handwriting-specific training improved writing amplitude while handwriting-non-specific trainings, such as resistance and stretching/relaxation programs, resulted in increased writing speed.
conclusionsThe current knowledge is based on few and heterogeneous studies with high risk of bias. Handwriting-specific training might show potential benefits on handwriting in people with PD. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to reveal the effect of handwriting training in people with PD on standardized outcome measures. Handwriting-specific training could be combined to resistance training and stretching, which seemed to influence writing performance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.