Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36964640›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of STD & AIDS2023

Acceptability of self-collected vaginal swabs for sexually transmitted infection testing among youth in a community-based setting in Zimbabwe.

Helena Rochford, Leyla Larsson, Victoria Simms, Constancia Mavodza, Lovemore Sigwadhi, Ethel Dauya, Anna Machiha, Mitchell Mavhura, Tatenda Bipiti, Chido Mangena and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of STD & AIDS, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. UnveilingiScience · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Helena RochfordThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0001-5884-0203
Leyla LarssonThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Victoria SimmsThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0002-4897-458X
Constancia MavodzaThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Lovemore SigwadhiThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Ethel DauyaThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Anna MachihaAIDS and TB Unit, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Mitchell MavhuraThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Tatenda BipitiThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Chido MangenaThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Tsitsi BandasonThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0003-0066-8345
Rashida A FerrandThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Suzanna C FrancisMRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Chido Dziva ChikwariThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R010161/1Medical Research Council MR/T040327/1Wellcome Trust 206316/Z/17/AWellcome Trust 206316/Z/17/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundYouth are a high-risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). To increase access to STI testing, convenient approaches for sampling and testing are needed. We assessed the acceptability of self-collected vaginal swabs (SCVS) for STI testing among young women (16-24 years) attending a community-based sexual and reproductive health service in Zimbabwe.

methodsA SCVS was used for point-of-care testing for

resultsWe recruited 129 women who took up STI testing (median age 20 years, IQR 18-22 years) and conducted 12 IDIs. Most participants reported that they understood the instructions (93.0%) and found SCVS easy (90.7%). Many participants felt relaxed (93.0%), in control (88.4%) and that they had enough privacy (90.7%). Pain or discomfort were reported by 16.3% and embarrassment by 15.5%. Among the 92 (71.3%) participants who provided both a SCVS and urine sample, 60.9% preferred SCVS. Sample collection method preferences were similar between 16-19 and 20-24year-olds. In IDIs, clear instructions, privacy, trust in the service and same-day results were perceived as important facilitators to taking up SCVS. Participants frequently described feeling relaxed and confident whilst taking a SCVS. Pain and discomfort were uncommon experiences.

conclusionsSCVS for STI testing are acceptable to young women and a feasible method of sample collection in community-based settings.

Indexed as

Chlamydia InfectionsGonorrheaSexually Transmitted DiseasesTrichomonas vaginalisAdolescentAdultChlamydia trachomatisFemaleHumansNeisseria gonorrhoeaePrevalenceYoung AdultZimbabweAfricadiagnosisscreeningtrichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis)women

Identifiers

PMID36964640
PMCPMC10273862

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.