Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36964261›Full record

ArticleEye (London, England)2023

Clinical diagnosis and management of Demodex blepharitis: the Demodex Expert Panel on Treatment and Eyelid Health (DEPTH).

Brandon D Ayres, Eric Donnenfeld, Marjan Farid, Ian Benjamin Gaddie, Preeya K Gupta, Edward Holland, Paul M Karpecki, Richard Lindstrom, Kelly K Nichols, Stephen C Pflugfelder and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Eye (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Article
  5. Lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% in the treatment ofSAGE open medical case reports · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Demodex and the eye - A review.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2025
    Review
  11. TheClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Reducing ocularFrontiers in allergy · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.

Brandon D AyresWills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Eric DonnenfeldOphthalmic Consultants of Long Island, Long Island, NY, USA.
Marjan FaridGavin Herbert Eye Institute, UC-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Ian Benjamin GaddieGaddie Eye Centers, Louisville, KY, USA.
Preeya K GuptaTriangle Eye Consultants, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Edward HollandUniversity of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Paul M KarpeckiKentucky Eye Institute, Lexington, KY, USA.
Richard LindstromUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Kelly K NicholsSchool of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2937-1457
Stephen C PflugfelderBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Christopher E StarrWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Elizabeth YeuVirginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, VA, USA. eyeulin@gmail.com.
Baylor College of Medicine · USCornell University · USOphthalmic Consultants of Long Island · USTaustine Eye Center · USTulane University · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Cincinnati · USUniversity of Minnesota · USVirginia Eye Consultants · USWills Eye Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTwelve ocular surface disease experts convened to achieve consensus about Demodex blepharitis (DB) using a modified Delphi panel process.

methodsOnline surveys were administered using scaled, open-ended, true/false, and multiple-choice questions. Consensus for questions using a 1 to 9 Likert scale was predefined as median scores of 7-9 and 1-3. For other question types, consensus was achieved when 8 of 12 panellists agreed. Questions were randomized, and results of each survey informed the following survey.

resultsTwelve practitioners comprised the Demodex Expert Panel on Treatment and Eyelid Health (DEPTH). Following 3 surveys, experts agreed that DB is chronic (n = 11) and recurrent (n = 12) and is often misdiagnosed. Consensus was achieved regarding inflammation driving symptoms (median = 7; range 7-9), collarettes as the most common sign (n = 10) and pathognomonic for DB (median = 9; range 8-9), and itching as the most common symptom (n = 12). Panellists agreed that DB may be diagnosed based on collarettes, mites, and/or patient symptoms (n = 10) and felt that patients unresponsive to typical therapies should be evaluated for DB (n = 12). Consensus about the most effective currently available OTC treatment was not reached.

conclusionsThe Delphi methodology proved effective in establishing consensus about DB, including signs, symptoms, and diagnosis. Consensus was not reached about the best treatment or how to grade severity. With increased awareness, eyecare practitioners can offer DB patients better clinical outcomes. A follow-up Delphi panel is planned to obtain further consensus surrounding DB treatment.

Indexed as

BlepharitisEye Infections, ParasiticMite InfestationsMitesAnimalsConsensusDelphi TechniqueFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID36964261
PMCPMC10564779
OpenAlexW4360826397

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.