ArticleInternational ophthalmology2023
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes in Alexandria and North-West Delta, Egypt.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06146699 (Status of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Presentation Patterns in Diabetics at Assiut University Hospital), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Status of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Presentation Patterns in Diabetics at Assiut University Hospital
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting Vision-Threatening Retinopathy in Patients With Diabetes Using Patient-Reported Data: Impact on Reading Center Workflow Efficiency.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy in Bahraini Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Study of Prevalence and Clinical Predictors.Cureus · 2026Article
- Article
- Screening and evaluation of diabetic retinopathyWorld journal of diabetes · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this research was to estimate the prevalence of DR in Alexandria and the North-West Delta region.
methodsAll diabetic patients attending the general ophthalmology clinics (Group 1), diabetic internal medicine clinics (Group 2), or reached out in the local communities (Group 3) were eligible to participate. Fundus photographs were graded according to the Scottish DR grading system by three independent UK-certified graders. Adjudication by a consultant was done when needed.
resultsOut of 11,033 screened patients, 10,811 had a gradable fundus photograph in at least one eye and were included. The numbers of cases in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 3940, 2826, and 4045, respectively. Males represented 38.35% of the cases. Mean age was 55 ± 12.63. For the whole sample, groups 1, 2 and 3, the DR prevalence was 32.49, 46.4%, 29.13%, and 21.29%, respectively. The prevalence of proliferative DR (grade R4) was 6.16%, 11.83%, 5.02%, and 1.45%, respectively, and of referable maculopathy (Grade M2) was 19.95%, 31.42%, 15.92%, and 11.59%, respectively. In univariate analysis, older age, higher random blood glucose, and longer DM duration were associated with a higher risk of both DR and referable diabetic maculopathy. This association was maintained in multivariate analysis for the high random blood glucose level and the longer duration of DM (but not for the older age).
conclusionA significantly higher prevalence of DR, grades R4 and M2 was found in the hospital-recruited patients than in diabetics from the local communities.
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Registered trials
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