Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36963459›Full record

ReviewCancer letters2023

Milk/colostrum exosomes: A nanoplatform advancing delivery of cancer therapeutics.

Margaret Wallen, Farrukh Aqil, Wendy Spencer, Ramesh C Gupta

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer letters, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Biomedical Approach of Nanotechnology and Biological Risks: A Mini-Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Margaret Wallen3P Biotechnologies, Inc., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
Farrukh AqilBrown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
Wendy Spencer3P Biotechnologies, Inc., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
Ramesh C Gupta3P Biotechnologies, Inc., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. Electronic address: rcgupta@louisville.edu.
OPX Biotechnologies (United States) · USUniversity of Louisville · US

Funding

Exosomal Drug DeliveryR44CA221487 · NCI · 3P BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC. · PI GUPTA, RAMESH C, SPENCER, WENDY A · 2017 to 2018
$1.7M
Breast Cancer Chemoprevention StrategiesR01CA118114 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE · PI GUPTA, RAMESH C · 2007 to 2010
$1.5M
Breast Cancer Chemoprevention Potential of Common SpicesR01CA125152 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE · PI GUPTA, RAMESH C · 2007 to 2011
$1.4M
Exosomal drug formulationsR41CA189517 · NCI · 3P BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC. · PI GUPTA, RAMESH C · 2014 to 2014
$225k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA118114NCI NIH HHS R01 CA125152NCI NIH HHS R41 CA189517NCI NIH HHS R44 CA221487
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemotherapeutics continue to play a central role in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Conventional chemotherapy involving bolus intravenous doses results in severe side effects - in some cases life threatening - delayed toxicity and compromised quality-of-life. Attempts to deliver small drug molecules using liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, lipid nanoparticles, etc. have produced limited nanoformulations for clinical use, presumably due to a lack of biocompatibility of the material, costs, toxicity, scalability, and/or lack of effective administration. Naturally occurring small extracellular vesicles, or exosomes, may offer a solution and a viable system for delivering cancer therapeutics. Combined with their inherent trafficking ability and versatility of cargo capacity, exosomes can be engineered to specifically target cancerous cells, thereby minimizing off-target effects, and increasing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics. Exosomal formulations have mitigated the toxic effects of several drugs in murine cancer models. In this article, we review studies related to exosomal delivery of both small molecules and biologics, including siRNA to inhibit specific gene expression, in the pursuit of effective cancer therapeutics. We focus primarily on bovine milk and colostrum exosomes as the cancer therapeutic delivery vehicles based on their high abundance, cost effectiveness, scalability, high drug loading, functionalization of exosomes for targeted delivery, and lack of toxicity. While bovine milk exosomes may provide a new platform for drug delivery, extensive comparison to other nanoformulations and evaluation of long-term toxicity will be required to fully realize its potential.

Indexed as

ExosomesNeoplasmsAnimalsColostrumDrug Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansMiceMilkPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID36963459
PMCPMC10155642
OpenAlexW4353055680

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.