Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36963385›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2023

Multiple gene co-options underlie the rapid evolution of sexually deceptive flowers in Gorteria diffusa.

Roman T Kellenberger, Udhaya Ponraj, Boris Delahaie, Róisín Fattorini, Janneke Balk, Sara Lopez-Gomollon, Karin H Müller, Allan G Ellis, Beverley J Glover

Open access · hybridAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The genomic origins and evolutionary path to a key innovation in the world's most venomous snakes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  2. FePlant, cell & environment · 2026
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  6. Repurposing Cell Cycle Oscillators for Multiciliated Cell Differentiation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
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  9. Article
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  11. Evolution and development of complex floral displays.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024
    Review
  12. Article
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  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Roman T KellenbergerDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK. Electronic address: rk615@cam.ac.uk.
Udhaya PonrajDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK.
Boris DelahaieDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; CIRAD, UMR DIADE, Montpellier 34398, France; UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France.
Róisín FattoriniDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.
Janneke BalkDepartment of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 4JT, UK.
Sara Lopez-GomollonDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK.
Karin H MüllerCambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.
Allan G EllisDepartment of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
Beverley J GloverDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK. Electronic address: bjg26@cam.ac.uk.
University of Cambridge · GBCentre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement · FRJohn Innes Centre · GBStellenbosch University · ZAUniversity of Liverpool · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene co-option, the redeployment of an existing gene in an unrelated developmental context, is an important mechanism underlying the evolution of morphological novelty. In most cases described to date, novel traits emerged by co-option of a single gene or genetic network. Here, we show that the integration of multiple co-opted genetic elements facilitated the rapid evolution of complex petal spots that mimic female bee-fly pollinators in the sexually deceptive South African daisy Gorteria diffusa. First, co-option of iron homeostasis genes altered petal spot pigmentation, producing a color similar to that of female pollinators. Second, co-option of the root hair gene GdEXPA7 enabled the formation of enlarged papillate petal epidermal cells, eliciting copulation responses from male flies. Third, co-option of the miR156-GdSPL1 transcription factor module altered petal spot placement, resulting in better mimicry of female flies resting on the flower. The three genetic elements were likely co-opted sequentially, and strength of sexual deception in different G. diffusa floral forms strongly correlates with the presence of the three corresponding morphological alterations. Our findings suggest that gene co-options can combine in a modular fashion, enabling rapid evolution of novel complex traits.

Indexed as

AsteraceaeDipteraOrchidaceaeAnimalsBeesFemaleFlowersGene Regulatory NetworksMalePollinationanthocyaninevo-devoexpansingene co-optionGorteria diffusairon homeostasismiRNAplant sexual deceptionSPL

Identifiers

PMID36963385
OpenAlexW4360610828

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.