ArticlePLOS global public health2023
Spatial distribution of suspected and confirmed cholera cases in Mwanza City, Northern Tanzania.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic epidemiology reveals geographically structured co-circulation of AFR10 and AFR13Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with open defecation practices among household population in Tanzania.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Recent epidemiological and management approaches for cholera in India.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2026Review
- Trends and seasonal variation in gastrointestinal infections in Tanzania: Analysis of 5-year DHIS2 data toward implementing the sampling cycles and metagenomic analyses.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Cholera Outbreaks in Low- and Middle-Income Countries in the Last Decade: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Identifying clustering of cholera cases using geospatial analysis in Kolkata and surrounding districts: data from patients at tertiary care referral hospitals.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cholera, which is caused by Vibrio cholerae, persists as a devastating acute diarrheal disease. Despite availability of information on socio-cultural, agent and hosts risk factors, the disease continues to claim lives of people in Tanzania. The present study explores spatial patterns of cholera cases during a 2015-16 outbreak in Mwanza, Tanzania using a geographical information system (GIS) to identify concentrations of cholera cases. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ilemela and Nyamagana Districts, Mwanza City. The two-phase data collection included: 1) retrospectively reviewing and capturing 852 suspected cholera cases from clinical files during the outbreak between August, 2015, and April, 2016, and 2) mapping of residence of suspected and confirmed cholera cases using global positioning systems (GPS). A majority of cholera patients were from Ilemela District (546, 64.1%), were males (506, 59.4%) and their median age was 27 (19-36) years. Of the 452 (55.1%) laboratory tests, 352 (77.9%) were confirmed to have Vibrio cholerae infection. Seven patients (0.80%) died. Cholera cases clustered in certain areas of Mwanza City. Sangabuye, Bugogwa and Igoma Wards had the largest number of confirmed cholera cases, while Luchelele Ward had no reported cholera cases. Concentrations may reflect health-seeking behavior as much as disease distribution. Topographical terrain, untreated water, physical and built environment, and health-seeking behaviors play a role in cholera epidemic in Mwanza City. The spatial analysis suggests patterns of health-seeking behavior more than patterns of disease. Maps similar to those generated in this study would be an important future resource for identifying an impending cholera outbreak in real-time to coordinate community members, community leaders and health personnel for guiding targeted education, outreach, and interventions.
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