Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36962680›Full record

ArticlePLOS global public health2022

Planning and commitment prompts to encourage reporting of HIV self-test results: A cluster randomized pragmatic trial in Tshwane District, South Africa.

Alison M Buttenheim, Laura Schmucker, Noora Marcus, Mothepane Phatsoane, Vanessa Msolomba, Naleni Rhagnath, Mohammed Majam, François Venter, Harsha Thirumurthy

Registry-linked trialFull text read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PLOS global public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03898557 (Behavioral Commitment and Planning Nudges to Increase HIV Self-testing in South Africa, "Plan and Pledge"), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03898557 nacompletednot on this map

Behavioral Commitment and Planning Nudges to Increase HIV Self-testing in South Africa, "Plan and Pledge"

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of PennsylvaniaRan2019 to 2019Enrolled1,479ConditionsHuman Immunodeficiency VirusArmsProvision of HIV self-test with Commitment and planning prompts, Provision of HIV self-test
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Alison M ButtenheimDepartment of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2432-1637
Laura SchmuckerDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Noora MarcusDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-5333
Mothepane PhatsoaneEzintsha, a Sub-Division of Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
Vanessa MsolombaEzintsha, a Sub-Division of Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4063-7167
Naleni RhagnathEzintsha, a Sub-Division of Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
Mohammed MajamEzintsha, a Sub-Division of Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
François VenterEzintsha, a Sub-Division of Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
Harsha ThirumurthyDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

Funding

Gates Foundation INV-008318
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reporting of HIV self-test results to encourage linkage to HIV care for those who receive a positive test result is a common challenge faced by HIV self-testing programs. The impact of self-testing programs is diminished if individuals who obtain a self-test do not use the test or seek confirmatory testing and initiate HIV treatment following a positive result. We conducted a cluster randomized trial of two interventions designed to increase reporting of HIV self-test results: a "plan and commit" intervention that leveraged insights from behavioral economics, and an enhanced usual care version of the standard HIV self-test community distribution protocol that promoted the importance of reporting results. The trial was conducted at community distribution sites for HIV self-tests in Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, Gauteng Province, South Africa. The primary outcome was reporting of self-test results via a WhatsApp messaging system. We recruited 1,478 participants at 13 distribution sites over 24 days. In the plan and commit condition, 63/731 participants (8.7%) reported their test results via WhatsApp, compared to 59/747 participants (7.9%) in the enhanced usual care condition (n.s., p = 0.61). During the study period, 101/3,199 individuals (3.1%) who received a self-test under the standard protocol reported test results via WhatsApp, a significant difference across the three arms (p < .00001). Our results suggest that boosting the reporting of self-test results can be done solely through increasing the salience of the importance of reporting and a clear explanation of the procedure for reporting results. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03898557.

Identifiers

PMID36962680
PMCPMC10021661

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.