ReviewPLOS global public health2022
Use of race, ethnicity, and ancestry data in health research.
Review in PLOS global public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- What works for whom: a systematic review of inequalities in inclusion and effectiveness of social interventions for mental ill- health.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- Moving beyond gender: a systematic review of diversity data gaps in prospective trauma research.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Pooled it
- Health inequalities and outcomes following acute kidney injury: a systematic review & meta-analyses of observational studies.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Quantifying Sample Representation in Global Pharmacogenomic Studies of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review.Clinical and translational science · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the association between history of sexually transmitted infections and subsequent condom use in adolescents.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Exploring the Relationship between Built Environment Attributes and Physical Activity in Lower-Income Aging Adults: Preliminary Insights from a Multi-Level Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Trial
- Health inequalities in precision medicine: A systematic review.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026Review
- Racial inequities in severe maternal morbidity among Black and White people in Canada: a population-based cohort study, 2012 to 2023.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Article
- Article
- SGLT2 inhibitor use and disparities in all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: insights from a multi-ethnic population.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- "There's no representation": a qualitative study of attitudes and motivations towards genomic research participation among Australian South Asians.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026Article
- Article
- Equitable therapeutic design: how inclusively designed spaces help NICU families heal, connect, and thrive.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Endometrial Cancer by ERBB2 Amplification (ERBB2amp) Status: Differences in Molecular Subtypes, Ancestry, and Real-World Outcomes.JCO precision oncology · 2026Article
- Pediatric IgE mediated food allergies and ethnic group inequalities: A scoping review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Review
- A novel surname-based methodology to improve the disaggregation of Asian American ethnic subgroups in patients with ovarian cancer.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2026Article
- Quantifying the utility of type 2 diabetes polygenic risk score for predicting incident diabetes: an analysis of large US-based cohort studies.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Three-Dimensional Variation of the Human Hard Palate Across Populations: A Geometric Morphometrics Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Diversity-in-a-dish: A practical framework for hiPSC model development.Stem cell reports · 2026Review
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Race, ethnicity, and ancestry are common classification variables used in health research. However, there has been no formal agreement on the definitions of these terms, resulting in misuse, confusion, and a lack of clarity surrounding these concepts for researchers and their readers. This article examines past and current understandings of race, ethnicity, and ancestry in research, identifies the distinctions between these terms, examines the reliability of these terms, and provides researchers with guidance on how to use these terms. Although race, ethnicity, and ancestry are often treated synonymously, they should be considered as distinct terms in the context of health research. Researchers should carefully consider which term is most appropriate for their study, define and use the terms consistently, and consider how their classification may be used in future research by others. The classification should be self-reported rather than assigned by an observer wherever possible.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.