ArticlePLOS global public health2021
Relationship between cigarette smoking and blood pressure in adults in Nepal: A population-based cross-sectional study.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential age-related patterns in the associations of LDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratio, and carotid plaque: a large-scale cross-sectional study in a Chinese health check-up population.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Blood concentrations of volatile organic compounds and hypertension in the GuLF Study.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Tobacco smoking and biomarker profile among beverage industrial workers and their spouses in Rwanda: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic Profile in Young Adults With Diverse Cigarette Smoking Histories: A Longitudinal Study From Adolescence.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Relationship between traditional risk factors for hypertension and systolic blood pressure in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based Cohort Study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- The association of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and incident hypertension among an urban population of Iran: a decade follow-up in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in Mauritius: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Occupational injuries and their sociodemographic, workplace, and behavioral determinants among large-scale factory workers in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.Cadernos de saude publica · 2024Article
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) polymorphisms are associated with dysregulation of biochemical parameters in hypertensive patients.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- The Magnitude of Hypertension and Its Contributing Factors Among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Integrated blood pressure control · 2023Article
- Hypertension among Current Cigarette Smokers Visiting Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2022Article
- Place Matters: Investigating the Social and Environmental Drivers of Hypertension in Nashville.Family & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Smoking and hypertension are two major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in Nepal. The relationship between cigarette smoking and blood pressure (BP) in Nepal is unclear. This study analysed the data from the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey to explore the differences in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) between current daily cigarette smokers and non-smokers in Nepali adults aged 18 to 49 years. A total of 5518 women and 3420 men with valid BP measurements were included. Age, body mass index, wealth quintile (socio-economic status) and agricultural occupation (proxy for physical activity) were included as potential confounders in multivariable linear regression analysis. Women smokers were found to have significantly lower SBP (mean difference 2.8 mm, 95% CI 0.7-4.8 mm) and DBP (mean difference 2.2 mm, 95% CI 0.9-3.6 mm) than non-smokers after adjustment. There were no significant differences in BP between smokers and non-smokers in males, either before or after adjustment. The lower BP in female cigarette smokers in Nepal may be explained by the physiological effect of daily cigarette smoking per se in women, or unmeasured confounders associated with a traditional lifestyle that may lower BP (for example, diet and physical activity). In this nationally representative survey, daily cigarette smoking was not associated with increased BP in males or females in Nepal.
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Registered trials
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