ArticlePLOS global public health2021
The indirect impact of COVID-19 pandemic on inpatient admissions in 204 Kenyan hospitals: An interrupted time series analysis.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- The population-level impact of COVID-19 on maternal healthcare utilization: evidence from the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey.International health · 2026Article
- Impact analysis of flood-induced changes in geographical accessibility and coverage to healthcare in both public and private sector, 2024, Kenya.International journal of health geographics · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on regional and national uptake of HIV testing services in Sierra Leone: a descriptive analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Rethinking the evidence on COVID-19 in Africa.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Establishing the effect of COVID-19 lockdown policy on the utilization of facility-based delivery in Kenya: a multi-method study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on governmental hospitals performance indicators in city of Yazd, Iran: an interrupted time-series analysis.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Concordance of coverage estimates from routine and survey data of measles second dose vaccine in Western Kenya.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Article
- Utilization of upper gastrointestinal tumor inpatient services affected by COVID-19 in China 2018-2021: an interrupted time series analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- From Routine to Crisis: The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Consumption in Iran.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Evaluating the gap in rapid diagnostic testing: insights from subnational Kenyan routine health data.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Time series analysis of COVID-19's impact on physician and dentist visits in Iran.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Assessing COVID-related concerns and their impact on antenatal and delivery care among pregnant women living with HIV in Kenya: a brief report.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- 'We were treated like we are nobody': a mixed-methods study of medical doctors' internship experiences in Kenya and Uganda.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Hospital care for critical illness in low-resource settings: lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMJ global health · 2023Review
- Article
- Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on inpatient service utilization and patient outcomes in Uganda.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Predictors of Healthcare Workers' Compassionate Care Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study from Patients' Perspective in Kelantan, Malaysia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Performance analysis of hospitals before and during the COVID-19 in Iran: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Spatial variation and inequities in antenatal care coverage in Kenya, Uganda and mainland Tanzania using model-based geostatistics: a socioeconomic and geographical accessibility lens.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Mapping urban physical distancing constraints, sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from Kenya.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The first case of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in March 2020 in Kenya resulting in the implementation of public health measures (PHM) to prevent large-scale epidemics. We aimed to quantify the impact of COVID-19 confinement measures on access to inpatient services using data from 204 Kenyan hospitals. Data on monthly admissions and deliveries from the District Health Information Software version 2 (DHIS 2) were extracted for the period January 2018 to March 2021 stratified by hospital ownership (public or private) and adjusting for missing data using multiple imputation (MI). We used the COVID-19 event as a natural experiment to examine the impact of COVID-19 and associated PHM on use of health services by hospital ownership. We estimated the impact of COVID-19 using two approaches; Statistical process control (SPC) charts to visualize and detect changes and Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis using negative-binomial segmented regression models to quantify the changes after March 2020. Sensitivity analysis was undertaken to test robustness of estimates using Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) and impact of national health workers strike on observed trends. SPC charts showed reductions in most inpatient services starting April 2020. ITS modelling showed significant drops in April 2020 in monthly volumes of live-births (11%), over-fives admissions for medical (29%) and surgical care (25%) with the greatest declines in the under-five's admissions (59%) in public hospitals. Similar declines were apparent in private hospitals. Health worker strikes had a significant impact on post-COVID-19 trends for total deliveries, live-births and caesarean section rate in private hospitals. COVID-19 has disrupted utilization of inpatient services in Kenyan hospitals. This might have increased avoidable morbidity and mortality due to non-COVID-19-related illnesses. The declines have been sustained. Recent data suggests a reversal in trends with services appearing to be going back to pre- COVID levels.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.