Trial reportCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2023
Efficacy of the Outsmart HPV Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase HPV Vaccination among Young Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men.
Trial report in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strategies implemented to increase HPV vaccine uptake and confidence among men who have sex with men and transgender people: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Inclusion of underserved young people in digital public health interventions for mental health, sexual health and substance use: A systematic review and intervention component analysis.Internet interventions · 2026Review
- Article
- Barriers to Screening for Anal Dysplasia and Strategies to Overcome Them.Clinics in colon and rectal surgery · 2026Review
- Article
- Primary Care Providers' Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination among Young Adults: A Qualitative Study.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRoutine human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for young adults, yet many young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YGBMSM) remain unvaccinated. We report the efficacy of Outsmart HPV, a web-based HPV vaccination intervention for YGBMSM.
methodsFrom 2019 to 2021, we recruited YGBMSM in the United States who were ages 18-25 and unvaccinated against HPV (n = 1,227). Participants were randomized to receive either: (i) Outsmart HPV content online and monthly interactive text reminders (interactive group); (ii) Outsmart HPV content online and monthly unidirectional text reminders (unidirectional group); or (iii) standard information online about HPV vaccine (control group). Regression models compared study groups on HPV vaccination outcomes.
resultsOverall, 33% of participants reported initiating the HPV vaccine series and 7% reported series completion. Initiation was more common among participants in the interactive group compared with the control group [odds ratio (OR) = 1.47, 98.3% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.11]. Completion was more common among participants in both the interactive group (OR = 3.70, 98.3% CI: 1.75-7.83) and unidirectional group (OR = 2.26, 98.3% CI: 1.02-5.00) compared with the control group. Participants who received Outsmart HPV content reported higher levels of satisfaction with online content compared with the control group.
conclusionsOutsmart HPV is an efficacious and acceptable HPV vaccination intervention for YGBMSM. Future efforts are needed to determine how to optimize the intervention and disseminate it to settings that provide services to YGBMSM. IMPACT: Outsmart HPV is a promising tool for increasing HPV vaccination among YGBMSM with the potential for wide dissemination.
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