ArticleClinical medicine (London, England)2023
Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency.
Article in Clinical medicine (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Observational
- Diagnosing hypocortisolism in disguise: clinical insights from delayed-onset endocrine disorders.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Work Loss and Income Before and After Diagnosis of Addison's Disease: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- The immunogenetic basis of ovarian apoptosis: from TNF-α polymorphisms and signaling pathways to glucocorticoid-mediated rescue.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Article
- CAI Score for the Diagnosis of Central Adrenal Insufficiency.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency in Liver Cancer Patient After Treatment With Cadonilimab: A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2026Article
- Article
- Brain-Region-Mediated Neuroimmune Modulation in Sepsis: Research Advances and Therapeutic Prospects.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Beyond the genome: clinical challenges in diagnosingFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- The roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications of glucocorticoids in glucose and lipid metabolism.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Significance of Exogenous Estradiol on Plasma Cortisol and Salivary Cortisol During Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulation in Women With Pituitary Insufficiency.Clinical endocrinology · 2025Article
- Beyond Tumor Immunity: The Disruption of Endocrine and Infectious Homeostasis by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Risk of new-onset type 1 diabetes in individuals with celiac disease and thyroid disease-An observational study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Observational
- An Analysis of Post-Adrenalectomy Dynamics in MACS (Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion)-Positive Adrenal Tumours: The Biomarkers and Clinical Impact.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- The effect of MDMA on anterior pituitary hormones: a secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Adrenal Insufficiency Associated Cardiomyopathy, From Molecule to Clinic: A Comprehensive Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- How hypoxia-induced diabetes develops and is maintained in children born preterm.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Postoperative adrenal cortical insufficiency following adrenal adenoma removal: a case report.AME case reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adrenal insufficiency is the inadequate secretion of glucocorticoid and/or mineralocorticoid secretion from the adrenal cortex. Primary adrenal insufficiency is the result of failure of the adrenal gland and secondary adrenal insufficiency is due to a lack of stimulation via pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone or hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone. Adrenal insufficiency may cause non-specific symptoms. Early detection and testing based on clinical suspicion may prevent subsequent presentation with adrenal crisis. Once identified, a low baseline cortisol (often <100 nmol/L) alongside raised adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) can be enough to diagnose primary adrenal insufficiency. However, confirmatory testing can be done using the cosyntopin (Synacthen®) stimulation test or the insulin tolerance test, which is the gold standard for secondary adrenal insufficiency. The underlying cause of adrenal insufficiency can often be identified via a strategic approach to investigation. Adrenal crisis is a life-threatening medical emergency which must be treated immediately if there is strong clinical suspicion with fluids and corticosteroids otherwise can be fatal. Patients must be educated and empowered to take control of their own medical management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.