ArticleJournal of anxiety disorders2023
Incremental validity of the contrast avoidance model: A comparison with intolerance of uncertainty and negative problem orientation.
Article in Journal of anxiety disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Examining the Contrast Avoidance Model to Understand the Association between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Sleep Difficulties.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2026Article
- [Why do people feel anxious and worried? Development of the Japanese version of the Contrast Avoidance Questionnaire].Shinrigaku kenkyu : The Japanese journal of psychology · 2026Article
- Validation of the Chinese version of the Contrast Avoidance Questionnaires.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Trait-anxiety and belief updating: Exploring the role of negativity bias and contrast avoidance.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- A framework for parsing psychopathological heterogeneity: initial application in a large-scale unselected community sample.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Introduction to a special issue on the contrast avoidance model.Journal of anxiety disorders · 2024Article
- The Contrast Avoidance Model: Conclusion and synthesis of new research in the special issue.Journal of anxiety disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study examined the incremental validity of the Contrast Avoidance Model (CAM) in predicting generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms when compared against well-established constructs in the GAD literature: intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and negative problem orientation (NPO).
methodIn this study, 185 students (108 of whom endorsed clinical levels of GAD symptoms) completed questionnaires to assess for all constructs. GAD symptoms were regressed on measures of contrast avoidance (CA; Contrast Avoidance-General Emotion and Contrast Avoidance-Worry Questionnaires; Llera & Newman, 2017) tendencies in addition to measures of IU and NPO in separate analyses. Commonality analyses explored the unique versus overlapping contributions of each factor in explaining GAD symptoms.
resultsIn all models, CA was a significant predictor after controlling for demographic variables (age, gender, race, and ethnicity) and both IU and NPO. This was also true when excluding CA items referencing worry. All variables contributed unique explanatory power in the prediction of GAD.
conclusionResults provide evidence of the incremental validity of the CAM as a model of GAD.
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