ArticleAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2023
Stress and Kynurenine-Inflammation Pathway in Major Depressive Disorder.
Article in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Activation of the kynurenine pathway in possible bruxism: associations with cortisol, TNF-α, and possible bruxism subtypes.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026Article
- Integrated Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Followed by Clinical Validation Reveal Programmed Cell Death-Related Shared Molecular Signatures in OA and MDD.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- [Mechanisms by which the gut microbiota regulates depressive disorder via the tryptophan metabolic pathway].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Unlocking the potential of the 3-hydroxykynurenine/kynurenic acid ratio: a promising biomarker in adolescent major depressive disorder.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal and gut-brain axes in biological interaction pathway of the depression.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Lipid metabolic dysregulation-induced neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Depression, stress, and tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway: treatment strategies from the perspective of Chinese herbal medicine.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Review
- Exploring metabolomic dynamics in acute stress disorder: amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent disorders and causes severe damage to people's quality of life. Lifelong stress is one of the major villains in triggering MDD. Studies have shown that both stress and MDD, especially the more severe conditions of the disorder, are associated with inflammation and neuroinflammation and the relationship to an imbalance in tryptophan metabolism towards the kynurenine pathway (KP) through the enzymes indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which is mainly stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) which is activated primarily by glucocorticoids. Considering that several pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD underlie or interact with biological processes from KP metabolites, this chapter addresses and discusses the function of these mechanisms. Activities triggered by stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and immune and inflammatory processes, in addition to epigenetic phenomena and the gut-brain axis (GBA), are addressed. Finally, studies on the function and mechanisms of physical exercise in the KP metabolism and MDD are pointed out and discussed.
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