ArticleScience advances2023
Biodegradable electrohydraulic actuators for sustainable soft robots.
Article in Science advances, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioinspired liquid metal-spidroin (LMS) stripe microneedle actuators.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Maximizing the Energy Output of Soft Electrohydraulic Generators.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Electrohydraulic Folding Ring Actuators for Radially Contracting Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A biodegradable low-voltage soft actuator with exceptional energy density and ultrafast response.Science advances · 2026Article
- Swimming with robots: investigating fish locomotion, sensing, and schooling behavior with robotic swimmers.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Magnesium phosphate mineralized Ce6 composite hydrogel with photodynamic therapy-mediated antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic properties for application in infected wound healing.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Ecosystem-Centered Robot Design: Toward Ecoresorbable Sustainability Robots (ESRs).Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- A Shape-Adaptive, Performance-Programmable, Self-Healable and On-Demand Destructible Robotic Skin via Self-Strengthening Dynamic Silicone.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- 4D Printing of Magnetically Responsive Shape Memory Polymers: Toward Sustainable Solutions in Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Biomedical Devices.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Monolithic 3D Printing of Origami-Inspired Soft Robotics from Sustainable Bio-Based Resin.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A Review on Biodegradable Materials of Sustainable Soft Robotics and Electronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- A method to study and enhance the energy efficiency of soft electrostatic actuators.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Design and Application of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for 4D Printing: A Review of Adaptive Materials in Engineering.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Materials Advances for Distributed Environmental Sensor Networks at Scale.Nature reviews. Materials · 2026Article
- Electric Field Driven Soft Morphing Matter.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- A 2.7-μm-thick robust, permeable, and antifreezing hydrogel electrode for long-term ambulatory health monitoring.Science advances · 2025Article
- Electroosmotic hydraulic-based haptic reproduction of human pulse with high accuracy for remote diagnosis.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Article
- Phase-Change Silicone Elastomers for Tough, Soft Actuators.Macromolecules · 2025Article
- Data-driven design of shape-programmable magnetic soft materials.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review of Electrohydraulic Actuators Inspired by the HASEL Actuator.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Combating environmental pollution demands a focus on sustainability, in particular from rapidly advancing technologies that are poised to be ubiquitous in modern societies. Among these, soft robotics promises to replace conventional rigid machines for applications requiring adaptability and dexterity. For key components of soft robots, such as soft actuators, it is thus important to explore sustainable options like bioderived and biodegradable materials. We introduce systematically determined compatible materials systems for the creation of fully biodegradable, high-performance electrohydraulic soft actuators, based on various biodegradable polymer films, ester-based liquid dielectric, and NaCl-infused gelatin hydrogel. We demonstrate that these biodegradable actuators reliably operate up to high electric fields of 200 V/μm, show performance comparable to nonbiodegradable counterparts, and survive more than 100,000 actuation cycles. Furthermore, we build a robotic gripper based on biodegradable soft actuators that is readily compatible with commercial robot arms, encouraging wider use of biodegradable materials systems in soft robotics.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.