ArticleScience advances2023
3D-printed micrometer-scale wireless magnetic cilia with metachronal programmability.
Article in Science advances, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unsegmented marine annelids as biomechanical models for soft robotics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Acoustic shape-morphing micromachines.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lab on an end: Micromanipulation using the acoustohydrodynamic pillar array as an end effector.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- An Opto-Bio-Hydrodynamic Platform for Instructing Cardiac Left-Right Asymmetry Development.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- A roadmap for next-generation nanomotors.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Emergent Locomotion in Self-Sustained, Mechanically Connected Soft Matter Rings.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-activated cilia for biofilm control in indwelling medical devices.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Electric field-coupled two-photon polymerization system for on-demand modulation of 3D-printed structural color.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Capillary trapping of various nanomaterials on additively manufactured scaffolds for 3D micro-/nanofabrication.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Magnetic Stimulation for Programmed Shape Morphing: Review of Four-Dimensional Printing, Challenges and Opportunities.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2024Review
- Artificial-goosebump-driven microactuation.Nature materials · 2024Article
- Actuation-enhanced multifunctional sensing and information recognition by magnetic artificial cilia arrays.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- 3D-Printed Artificial Cilia Arrays: A Versatile Tool for Customizable Mechanosensing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Biological cilia play essential roles in self-propulsion, food capture, and cell transportation by performing coordinated metachronal motions. Experimental studies to emulate the biological cilia metachronal coordination are challenging at the micrometer length scale because of current limitations in fabrication methods and materials. We report on the creation of wirelessly actuated magnetic artificial cilia with biocompatibility and metachronal programmability at the micrometer length scale. Each cilium is fabricated by direct laser printing a silk fibroin hydrogel beam affixed to a hard magnetic FePt Janus microparticle. The 3D-printed cilia show stable actuation performance, high temperature resistance, and high mechanical endurance. Programmable metachronal coordination can be achieved by programming the orientation of the identically magnetized FePt Janus microparticles, which enables the generation of versatile microfluidic patterns. Our platform offers an unprecedented solution to create bioinspired microcilia for programmable microfluidic systems, biomedical engineering, and biocompatible implants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.