ArticlePloS one2023
Sex differences in health care expenditures and mortality after spousal bereavement: A register-based Danish cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Aarhus bereavement study (TABstudy).European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Attitudes toward bereavement support and associated factors in the Japanese population: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Long-Term Care at Advanced Ages: The Effect of Spousal Bereavement on Institutional Care Needs.Health economics · 2026Article
- Cause-specific mortality after spousal bereavement in a Danish register-based cohort.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Machine learning models of healthcare expenditures predicting mortality: A cohort study of spousal bereaved Danish individuals.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSpousal bereavement is a life event that affects older people differently. We investigated the impact of spousal bereavement on medical expenditures and mortality in the general population, emphasizing on age and sex.
methodsData are from a population-based, retrospective cohort study following 924,958 Danish citizens over the age of 65 years, within 2011-2016. Changes in health care expenditures in those who suffer bereavement were compared with time matched changes among those who did not. Mortality hazards were analysed with time to event analysis.
resultsA total of 77,722 (~8.4%) individuals experienced bereavement, 65.8% being females. Among males, bereavement was associated with increase of expenditures the year after, that was 42 Euros per week (95% CI, 36 to 48) larger than the non-bereaved group. The corresponding increase for females was 35 Euros per week (95% CI, 30 to 40). The increase of mortality hazards was highest in the first year after bereavement, higher in males than females, in young old and almost absent in the oldest old. Compared with the reference, mortality the year after spousal loss was 70% higher (HR 1.70 [95% CI 1.40 to 2.08]) for males aged 65-69 years and remained elevated for a period of six years. Mortality for females aged 65-69 years was 27% higher in the first year (HR 1.27, [1.07 to 1.52]), normalizing thereafter.
conclusionBereavement affects older people differently with younger males being most frail with limited recovery potential.
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Registered trials
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