Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36945746›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of rhinology & allergy2023

Clinical and Imaging Evaluation of COVID-19-Related Olfactory Dysfunction.

Eslam Hamed Elsayed Abdou, Hisham Atef Ebada, Mohammed Abdelbadie Salem, Mahitab Mohamed Rashad Ghoneim, Fatma Sherif, Elsharawy Kamal

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of rhinology & allergy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Assessment of chorda tympani function after endoscopic and microscopic middle ear surgery.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Eslam Hamed Elsayed AbdouDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-0101-5864
Hisham Atef EbadaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-4848-9223
Mohammed Abdelbadie SalemDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Mahitab Mohamed Rashad GhoneimRadio-diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Fatma SherifRadio-diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Elsharawy KamalDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Mansoura University · EG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOlfactory dysfunction has been reported in 47.85% of COVID patients. It can be broadly categorized into conductive or sensorineural olfactory loss. Conductive loss occurs due to impaired nasal air flow, while sensorineural loss implies dysfunction of the olfactory epithelium or central olfactory pathways.

objectivesThe aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and imaging findings in patients with COVID-related olfactory dysfunction. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms of COVID-related olfactory dysfunction.

methodsThe study included 110 patients with post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction, and a control group of 50 COVID-negative subjects with normal olfactory function. Endoscopic nasal examination was performed for all participants with special focus on the olfactory cleft. Smell testing was performed for all participants by using a smell diskettes test. Olfactory pathway magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done to assess the condition of the olfactory cleft and the dimensions and volume of the olfactory bulb.

resultsOlfactory dysfunction was not associated with nasal symptoms in 51.8% of patients. MRI showed significantly increased olfactory bulb dimensions and volume competed to controls. Additionally, it revealed olfactory cleft edema in 57.3% of patients. On the other hand, radiological evidence of sinusitis was detected in only 15.5% of patients.

conclusionThe average olfactory bulb volumes were significantly higher in the patients' group compared to the control group, indicating significant edema and swelling in the olfactory bulb in patients with COVID-related olfactory dysfunction. Furthermore, in most patients, no sinonasal symptoms such as nasal congestion or rhinorrhea were reported, and similarly, no radiological evidence of sinusitis was detected. Consequently, the most probable mechanism of COVID-related olfactory dysfunction is sensorineural loss through virus spread and damage to the olfactory epithelium and pathways.

Indexed as

COVID-19Olfaction DisordersSinusitisHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingOlfactory BulbSARS-CoV-2SmellanosmiaCOVID-19hyposmiaolfactory bulbolfactory dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID36945746
PMCPMC10034563
OpenAlexW4353016817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.