ArticleNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2023
Effectiveness of Clozapine on Employment Outcomes in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Bidirectional Mirror-Image Study.
Article in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-world effectiveness of antipsychotic treatment of functional outcomes over 10 years: A national cohort of patients in Denmark with schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- [Labor inclusion and medicalization: neuroleptics as actants in the experiences of workers diagnosed with schizophrenia in Chile].Salud colectiva · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Role of Clozapine in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Narrative Synthesis of Clinical, Economic, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Review
- Long-term clinical recovery and treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis: a 10-year follow-up study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- The New Horizon of Antipsychotics beyond the Classic Dopaminergic Hypothesis-The Case of the Xanomeline-Trospium Combination: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Clozapine is more effective than other antipsychotics and is the only antipsychotic approved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. The objective of this study is to reveal the effect of clozapine on employment using a bidirectional mirror-image model. Patients and Methods: This design was a retrospective observational study that investigated the employment status of patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia based on medical records. The bidirectional mirror-image model consisted of 1) switching from other antipsychotics to clozapine and 2) switching from clozapine to other antipsychotics. The observation period was 1 year for each pre- and post-clozapine initiation and discontinuation. Results: We included 36 patients in the bidirectional mirror-image model. The regular employment plus employment support rate was significantly higher in the clozapine phase than in the other antipsychotic phase in the bidirectional mirror-image model (30.6% vs 11.1%, Conclusion: The results suggest that clozapine is superior to other antipsychotics with respect to achieving employment in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, biases specific to the mirror-image model need to be considered.
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