Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36944759›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2023

Machine learning algorithms distinguish discrete digital emotional fingerprints for web pages related to back pain.

Davide Caldo, Silvia Bologna, Luana Conte, Muhammad Saad Amin, Luca Anselma, Valerio Basile, Md Murad Hossain, Alessandro Mazzei, Paolo Heritier, Riccardo Ferracini and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Quality of Life and Psychophysical Consequences in Individuals with Intestinal Stoma: An Observational Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Observational
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Emotional recognition technologies applied to health: review and challenges.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Davide Caldo *Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy. davide.caldo@gmail.com.
Silvia Bologna *Imparamare Ong, Asti, Italy. dr.silvia.bologna@gmail.com.
Luana ConteMathematics and Physics Department "Ennio de Giorgi", University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
Muhammad Saad AminInformatic Department, Turin University, Turin, Italy.
Luca AnselmaInformatic Department, Turin University, Turin, Italy.
Valerio BasileInformatic Department, Turin University, Turin, Italy.
Md Murad HossainInformatic Department, Turin University, Turin, Italy.
Alessandro MazzeiInformatic Department, Turin University, Turin, Italy.
Paolo HeritierDigspes Department, Oriental Piedmont University, Alessandria, Italy.
Riccardo FerraciniGenoa University, Genoa, Italy.
Elizaveta KonIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Giorgio De NunzioMathematics and Physics Department "Ennio de Giorgi", University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Its emergence relates not only to the musculoskeletal degeneration biological substrate but also to psychosocial factors; emotional components play a pivotal role. In modern society, people are significantly informed by the Internet; in turn, they contribute social validation to a "successful" digital information subset in a dynamic interplay. The Affective component of medical pages has not been previously investigated, a significant gap in knowledge since they represent a critical biopsychosocial feature. We tested the hypothesis that successful pages related to spine pathology embed a consistent emotional pattern, allowing discrimination from a control group. The pool of web pages related to spine or hip/knee pathology was automatically selected by relevance and popularity and submitted to automated sentiment analysis to generate emotional patterns. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were trained to predict page original topics from patterns with binary classification. ML showed high discrimination accuracy; disgust emerged as a discriminating emotion. The findings suggest that the digital affective "successful content" (collective consciousness) integrates patients' biopsychosocial ecosystem, with potential implications for the emergence of chronic pain, and the endorsement of health-relevant specific behaviors. Awareness of such effects raises practical and ethical issues for health information providers.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsEcosystemBack PainEmotionsHumansInternetMachine Learning

Identifiers

PMID36944759
PMCPMC10030566

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.