ArticleDiabetologia2023
Racial difference in the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and incident type 2 diabetes: findings from the CARDIA study.
Article in Diabetologia, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Risk Marker for Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Dysregulated high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein subfractions increase metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk: a study of patients across body mass index categories.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association between HOMA-IR and coexisting MASLD and type 2 diabetes: Insights from NHANES and network pharmacology.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- High rate of complications in a real-world cohort of youth with T2D: a multicenter analysis.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2025Article
- Data-driven Cluster Analysis Reveals Increased Risk for Severe Insulin-deficient Diabetes in Black/African Americans.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level is associated with elastography-detected liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Comparing diabetes prediction based on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the ELSA-Brasil study.Cadernos de saude publica · 2024Article
- Article
- Using race as a social construct when looking at differences in racial associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisType 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are prevalent diseases of metabolic origin. We examined the association between NAFLD and the development of type 2 diabetes among non-Asian adults, and whether the association differs by race.
methodsWe analysed data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a population-based prospective cohort study. Participants underwent non-contrast abdominal computed tomography (CT) at baseline (2010-2011) and assessment of glucose measures at the follow-up exam (2015-2016). NAFLD was defined as liver attenuation ≤51 Hounsfield units on CT images after exclusion for other liver fat causes. Race was self-reported. We used targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) with machine-learning algorithms to estimate difference in type 2 diabetes risk between the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups.
resultsOf the 1995 participants without type 2 diabetes at baseline (mean age±SD, 50.0±3.6 years; 59% women; 55.0% White and 45.0% Black), 21.7% of White and 16.8% of Black participants had NAFLD at baseline, and 3.7% of White and 8.0% of Black participants developed type 2 diabetes at follow up. After multivariable adjustment, risk difference for type 2 diabetes associated with NAFLD vs no NAFLD was 4.1% (95% CI 0.3%, 7.9%) among White participants and -1.9% (95% CI -5.7%, 2.0%) in Black participants. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationNAFLD was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes among White participants but not among Black participants. This finding suggests that the effect of liver fat on impaired glucose metabolism may be smaller in Black than in White individuals.
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