Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36941352›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2023

Activatable near-infrared probes for the detection of specific populations of tumour-infiltrating leukocytes in vivo and in urine.

Shasha He, Penghui Cheng, Kanyi Pu

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Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

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  19. Semiconducting Open-Shell Radicals for Precise Tumor Activatable Phototheranostics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Shasha HeSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Penghui ChengSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Kanyi PuSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. kypu@ntu.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8064-6009

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tracking the immune microenvironment of tumours is essential for understanding the mechanisms behind the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. Molecular imaging of tumour-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) can be used to non-invasively monitor the tumour immune microenvironment, but current imaging agents do not distinguish TILs from leukocytes resident in other tissues. Here we report a library of activatable molecular probes for the imaging, via near-infrared fluorescence, of specific TILs (including M1 macrophages, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and neutrophils) in vivo in real time and also via excreted urine, owing to the probes' renal clearance. The fluorescence of the probes is activated only in the presence of both tumour and leukocyte biomarkers, which allows for the imaging of populations of specific TILs in mouse models of cancers with sensitivities and specificities similar to those achieved via flow-cytometric analyses of biopsied tumour tissues. We also show that the probes enable the non-invasive evaluation of the immunogenicity of different tumours, the dynamic monitoring of responses to immunotherapies and the accurate prediction of tumour growth under various treatments.

Indexed as

Lymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingNeoplasmsAnimalsFlow CytometryLeukocytesMiceT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicTumor Microenvironment

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.