ArticleSaudi medical journal2023
The interaction between no folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy and preeclampsia increased the risk of preterm birth.
Article in Saudi medical journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pregnancy with multiple high-risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo explore if there is a positive additive interaction between no folic acid (FA) supplementation in early period of pregnancy and preeclampsia which increases the risk of preterm birth (PTB).
methodsWe matched 1471 women who had live-birth singleton preterm infants with 1471 women who had live-birth singleton term infants at 15 Chinese hospitals in 2018. We excluded women who took folic acid less than 0.4 mg/d or less than 12 weeks in early stage, women with gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, or preeclampsia during previous pregnancy. We calculate odds ratios for PTB by performing conditional logistic regression comparing preterm group with term group.We quantified the interaction between 2 exposures by synergy (S) and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).
resultsApproximately 40% of preterm cases did not take FA in early pregnancy. After adjusting confounding factors by logistic regression, when the 2 exposures (no early FA supplementation and preeclampsia) co-existed, the risk of all PTB increased significantly (aOR11=12.138; 95% CI 5.726-25.73), the interaction between 2 exposures was positive (S=1.27) and increased 2.385-fold risk of all PTB (RERI=2.385); and there were similar results on iatrogenic PTB (aOR11=23.412; 95% CI 8.882-60.71, S=1.18, RERI=3.347).
conclusionOur multicenter study showed, for the first time, that there was a positive additive interaction between no FA supplementation in early pregnancy and preeclampsia which increased the risk of all PTB, especially iatrogenic PTB.
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