ReviewJournal of oral biology and craniofacial research
Fixed and removable orthodontic retainers, effects on periodontal health compared: A systematic review.
Review in Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Which orthodontic retainer provides the best stabilization? : Systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of different orthodontic retainers on dental arch stability and periodontal health: a systematic review with pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of using water flosser versus interdental brush on gingival health in patients with mandibular bonded retainer - a randomized controlled trial.BMC oral health · 2026Trial
- Analysis of quality of life and periodontal health with an eight-unit maxillary fixed retainer through a prospective clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- A Novel Double Arrowhead Auxetic Dental Splint for Avulsed Tooth Reimplantation.Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology · 2026Article
- Comparison of Mechanical Characteristics of Three Different Types of Wires for Bonded Lingual Retainer Fabrication.Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran) · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Adding Electrolysis Device to Standard Methods of Maintaining Oral Hygiene in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists.Journal of orthodontic science · 2026Article
- Comparison of Mechanical, Surface, and Chemical Properties of Different Thermoplastic Retainer Materials before and after Thermoforming: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analyses.Turkish journal of orthodontics · 2025Article
- Assessing the Impact of Removable Orthodontic Retainers on Oral Health Related Quality of Life: Non-Randomized Clinical Trial.Frontiers in dentistry · 2025Article
- Orthodontic retainers: are they all the same?Dental press journal of orthodontics · 2025Article
- Effect of Vinyl Acetate, Glass Fibers Contents, and Buffer Space on EVA's Mechanical Property and Shock Absorption Ability.European journal of dentistry · 2024Article
- Microbiological Analysis of Plaque and Its Composition in Three Patient Groups under Different Orthodontic Treatments.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns and Preformed Metal Crowns in the Treatment of Severely Childhood Caries and Anterior Crossbite in a Child with Autistic Spectrum Disorder.Case reports in dentistry · 2024Article
- A Novel 3-Dimensional Printed Nanoceramic Hybrid Resin Fixed Lingual Retainer: Characterization and Mechanical Tests.International journal of dentistry · 2024Article
- Correlation between HbA1c Levels and Periodontal Bacterial Load in Diabetic Patients with Fixed Retainers.Current health sciences journalArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the properties of the different types of orthodontic retainers, identify their differences and define which type of device is most effective and less harmful to periodontal health. Methods: A literature search was carried out by a reviewer by consulting PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, Medline full text, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Science Direct electronic databases for biomedical and health literature as well as the grey literature and setting up the search from December 2010 without any restriction about articles languages. Results: The results showed that patients who wear retainers for a long period have significant differences in clinical parameters compared to patients without retainers. The type of retainer chosen also significantly influences the overall periodontal health of patients. Fixed retainers, both glass-fibre reinforced and steel wire retainers, proved to be the retainer type with the highest plaque and calculus accumulation values compared to removable retainers. In addition, among fixed retainers, glass-fibre reinforced retainers proved to be those that mostly promote the plaque and calculus accumulation in the application site. Conclusion: Fixed retainers are the best devices to maintain the alignment of mandibular anterior teeth in the long term. Among these devices, stainless steel lingual retainers, plain or braided, should remain the first choice. Although they are also susceptible to periodontal complications, their effect on periodontal health can be considered statistically insignificant if compared to glass-fibre reinforced retainers which, showing worse periodontal complications, should not be used.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.