ArticleAnnals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches2022
Individualized Out-of-Pocket Price Estimators for "Shoppable" Surgical Procedures: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of US Hospitals.
Article in Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Price Transparency and Patient Empowerment.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2026Article
- Improving postoperative length of stay forecasting with retrieval-augmented prediction.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Article
- Out-of-pocket health care spending among patients with acute limb ischemia stratified by income.Journal of vascular surgery · 2025Article
- Catastrophic health expenditures, insurance churn, and non-employment among women with breast cancer.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Article
- Rates of price disclosure associated with the surgical treatment of early-stage breast cancer one year after implementation of federal regulations.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To estimate the nationwide prevalence of individualized out-of-pocket (OOP) price estimators at US hospitals, characterize patterns of inclusion of 14 specified "shoppable" surgical procedures, and determine hospital-level characteristics associated with estimators that include surgical procedures. Background: Price transparency for shoppable surgical services is a key requirement of several recent federal policies, yet the extent to which hospitals provide online OOP price estimators remains unknown. Methods: We reviewed a stratified random sample of 485 U.S. hospitals for the presence of a tool to allow patients to estimate individualized OOP expenses for healthcare services. We compared characteristics of hospitals that did and did not offer online price estimators and performed multivariable modeling to identify facility-level predictors of hospitals offering price estimator with and without surgical procedures. Results: Nearly two-thirds (66.0%) of hospitals in the final sample (95% confidence interval 61.6%-70.1%) offered an online tool for estimating OOP healthcare expenses. Approximately 58.5% of hospitals included at least one shoppable surgical procedure while around 6.6% of hospitals included all 14 surgical procedures. The most common price reported was laparoscopic cholecystectomy (55.1%), and the least common was recurrent cataract removal (20.0%). Inclusion of surgical procedures varied by total annual surgical volume and health system membership. Only 26.9% of estimators explicitly included professional fees. Conclusions: Our findings highlight an ongoing progress in price transparency, as well as key areas for improvement in future policies to help patients make more financially informed decisions about their surgical care.
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