Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36936609›Full record

ArticlePolymer degradation and stability2020

Graphene/polymer nanocomposite degradation by ultraviolet light: The effects of graphene nanofillers and their potential for release.

David G Goodwin, Shih-Jia Shen, Yadong Lyu, Ronald Lankone, Ana C Barrios, Samir Kabir, François Perreault, Wendel Wohlleben, Tinh Nguyen, Lipiin Sung

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Polymer degradation and stability, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Polymers · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

David G GoodwinNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Shih-Jia ShenNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Yadong LyuNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Ronald LankoneNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Ana C BarriosNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Samir KabirNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
François PerreaultSchool of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S. College Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85281.
Wendel WohllebenBASF SE, Dept. Material Physics & Analytics, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, Ludwigshafen, 67056, Germany.
Tinh NguyenNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Lipiin SungNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.

Funding

Intramural NIST DOC 9999-NIST
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ultraviolet (UV)-induced degradation of graphene/polymer nanocomposites was investigated in this study. Specifically, the effect of few-layer graphene nanofillers on the degradation of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and the release potential of graphene from the degraded nanocomposite surfaces were assessed. Graphene/TPU (G/TPU) nanocomposites and neat TPU were UV-exposed under both dry and humid conditions in the NIST SPHERE, a precisely controlled, high intensity UV-weathering device. Neat TPU and G/TPU were characterized over the time course of UV exposure using color measurements and infrared spectroscopy, for appearance and chemical changes, respectively. Changes in thickness and surface morphology were obtained with scanning electron microscopy. A new fluorescence quenching measurement approach was developed to identify graphene sheets at the nanocomposite surface, which was supported by contact angle measurements. The potential for graphene release from the nanocomposite surface was evaluated using a tape-lift method followed by microscopy of any particles present on the tape. The findings suggest that graphene improves the service life of TPU with respect to UV exposure, but that graphene becomes exposed at the nanocomposite surface over time, which may potentially lead to its release when exposed to small mechanical forces or upon contact with other materials.

Indexed as

degradationGraphenenanoparticle releasepolymer nanocompositepolyurethaneultraviolet weathering

Identifiers

PMID36936609
PMCPMC10021000

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.