ArticleBMC public health2023
"When they are all grown, I will tell them": Experience and perceptions of parental self-disclosure of HIV status to children in Nairobi, Kenya.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Group-Based Stigma Reduction Interventions for Adolescents Living with HIV and Their Caregivers: The Suubi4Stigma Randomized Clinical Trial (2020-2022).AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Disclosure of HIV Positive Status and Network Characteristics Among a Cohort of People Living with HIV in Western Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Fear of Cancer Recurrence Before Treatment in Patients Newly Diagnosed With Breast Cancer: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR cancer · 2026Article
- Social relationships, mental health, and stigma: A qualitative study of social networks and HIV disclosure in Western Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Viral Load Suppression Associated With Undisclosed HIV Status Among Adolescents Aged 10 to 19 Years Living With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- The relationship between maternal emotional self-disclosure and children's anxiety in the post-COVID-19 era.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Efficacy of a cluster randomized controlled parental HIV disclosure intervention trial among parents living with HIV in China: evaluation based on the health action process approach.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- Optimizing HIV case identification among children and understanding remaining gaps in pediatric HIV testing in Kinshasa, DRC.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Predictors of HIV status disclosure among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ghana: the disclosure conundrum and its policy implications in resource limited settings.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- A qualitative inquiry of experiences of HIV-related stigma and its effects among people living with HIV on treatment in rural Kilifi, Kenya.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is mixed evidence on the influence of self-disclosure of one's HIV status on mental health, health behaviours and clinical outcomes. We studied the patterns of self-disclosure among parents living with HIV, and factors that influence parental disclosure.
methodsThis mixed-methods study was among adults in HIV care participating in a study assessing the uptake of pediatric index-case testing. They completed a survey to provide demographic and HIV-related health information, and assess self-disclosure to partners, children and others. We ran generalized linear models to determine factors associated with disclosure and reported prevalence ratios (PR). Eighteen participants also participated in in-depth interviews to explore perceived barriers and facilitators of self-disclosure to one's child. A content analysis approach was used to analyze interview transcripts.
resultsOf 493 caregivers, 238 (48%) had a child ≥ 6 years old who could potentially be disclosed to about their parent's HIV status. Of 238 participants, 205 (86%) were female, median age was 35 years, and 132 (55%) were in a stable relationship. Among those in a stable relationship, 96 (73%) knew their partner's HIV status, with 79 (60%) reporting that their partner was living with HIV. Caregivers had known their HIV status for a median 2 years, and the median age of their oldest child was 11 years old. Older caregiver age and older first born child's age were each associated with 10% higher likelihood of having disclosed to a child (PR: 1.10 [1.06-1.13] and PR: 1.10 [1.06-1.15], per year of age, respectively). The child's age or perceived maturity and fear of causing anxiety to the child inhibited disclosure. Child's sexual activity was a motivator for disclosure, as well as the belief that disclosing was the "right thing to do". Caregivers advocated for peer and counseling support to gain insight on appropriate ways to disclose their status.
conclusionsChild's age is a key consideration for parents to disclose their own HIV status to their children. While parents were open to disclosing their HIV status to their children, there is a need to address barriers including anticipated stigma, and fear that disclosure will cause distress to their children.
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