ArticleScientific reports2023
Evaluation of pre-processing methods for tear fluid proteomics using proximity extension assays.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of 0.1% topical ciclosporin a for 12-weeks on the ocular surface innate and adaptive immune response in dry eye disease: protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Canine Tear Proteomics: A New Frontier in Veterinary Ophthalmology.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Review
- From Proteome to miRNome: A Review of Multi-Omics Ocular Allergy Research Using Human Tears.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tear fluid proteomics: a comparative study of DIA and DDA mass spectrometry.Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab · 2025Article
- Determination of miRNA in tear extracellular vesicles significantly associated with treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Precision in Tear Fluid Biomarker Discovery: Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Small-Volume, Individual Samples Using Capillary Tube Collection.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Alternative Matrices for Protein Biomarker Analysis by qPCR Using Proximity Extension Assay (PEA).Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- High-Throughput Tear Proteomics via In-Capillary Digestion for Biomarker Discovery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Association Between Dry Eye Disease with Anxiety and Depression Among Medical Sciences Students in Qassim Region: Cortisol Levels in Tears as a Stress Biomarker.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Article
- Tear Fluid Inflammatory Proteome Analysis Highlights Similarities Between Keratoconus and Allergic Conjunctivitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Potential Biomarkers for Noninfectious Scleritis Identified by Serum and Tear Fluid Proteomics.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tear fluid forms a potential source for biomarker identification, and can be minimal invasively collected via Schirmer strips. The lack of knowledge on the processing of Schirmer strips however complicates the analysis and between-study comparisons. We studied two different pre-processing methods, specifically the use of punches of the strip versus elution of the strip in a buffer. Tear fluid filled Schirmer strips were collected from 5 healthy participants, and divided into two halves over the length of the strip. In either part, punches or eluates were obtained from 4 different locations, from the first part touching the eye (head) to the end, to assess the protein distribution along the strips. The levels of 92 inflammatory proteins were measured in the punches/eluates using proximity extension assays. The punch method yielded higher protein detectability compared to the elution method (76% vs 66%; p ≤ 0.001). Protein expression level was found to be slightly higher in the head of the strip, however, 3 out of 5 punches from the head failed quality control. Protein expression levels over the remaining parts of the strips were similar. Our study showed beneficial use of punches of any part of the strip except the head in future biomarker research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.