ArticleJournal of sport and health science2024
Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running.
Article in Journal of sport and health science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-Standardized Methods of Assessing Tibial Loads During Different Gait Speeds Obscures Load-Management Recommendations in Healthy Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Are the Forces and Lower Limb Kinematics Displayed During Running Associated with Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome? A Case-Control and Case Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- A SHAP-based machine learning approach to decoding the relationship between running posture features and tibial load in novice runners with MTSS: towards accurate and intelligent rehabilitation strategies.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Identifying Fatigue-Related Gait Patterns Using Multiple Inertial Measurement Units and Statistical Parametric Mapping: A Continuous Analysis of an Outdoor Full Marathon in Male Recreational Runners.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- Footwear has a modifying effect on tibial loading during military weight carriage.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Influence of Manipulating Running Foot Strike Angle on Internal Loading of the Tibia.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025Article
- Influence of running speed, inclination, and fatigue on calcaneus angle in female runners.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- A review of uphill and downhill running: biomechanics, physiology and modulating factors.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Osteocyte Sptbn1 Deficiency Alters Cell Survival and Mechanotransduction Following Formation of Plasma Membrane Disruptions (PMD) from Mechanical Loading.Calcified tissue international · 2024Article
- Criteria and Guidelines for Returning to Running Following a Tibial Bone Stress Injury: A Scoping Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Commentary on "Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running".Journal of sport and health science · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInternal tibial loading is influenced by modifiable factors with implications for the risk of stress injury. Runners encounter varied surface steepness (gradients) when running outdoors and may adapt their speed according to the gradient. This study aimed to quantify tibial bending moments and stress at the anterior and posterior peripheries when running at different speeds on surfaces of different gradients.
methodsTwenty recreational runners ran on a treadmill at 3 different speeds (2.5 m/s, 3.0 m/s, and 3.5 m/s) and gradients (level: 0%; uphill: +5%, +10%, and +15%; downhill: -5%, -10%, and -15%). Force and marker data were collected synchronously throughout. Bending moments were estimated at the distal third centroid of the tibia about the medial-lateral axis by ensuring static equilibrium at each 1% of stance. Stress was derived from bending moments at the anterior and posterior peripheries by modeling the tibia as a hollow ellipse. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance were conducted using both functional and discrete statistical analyses.
resultsThere were significant main effects for running speed and gradient on peak bending moments and peak anterior and posterior stress. Higher running speeds resulted in greater tibial loading. Running uphill at +10% and +15% resulted in greater tibial loading than level running. Running downhill at -10% and -15% resulted in reduced tibial loading compared to level running. There was no difference between +5% or -5% and level running.
conclusionRunning at faster speeds and uphill on gradients ≥+10% increased internal tibial loading, whereas slower running and downhill running on gradients ≥-10% reduced internal loading. Adapting running speed according to the gradient could be a protective mechanism, providing runners with a strategy to minimize the risk of tibial stress injuries.
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