Purification and biochemical analysis of native AMPA receptors from three different mammalian species.

The majority of fast, excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS) is mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs), which are glutamate-activated ion channels integral to synaptic plasticity, motor coordination, learning, and memory. Native AMPARs are multiprotein assemblies comprised of a tetrameric receptor core that co-assembles with a broad range of peripheral auxiliary proteins which shape subcellular localization and signaling properties of the resulting complexes. Structure determination of AMPARs has traditionally relied on recombinant expression systems; however, these methods are not well suited to elucidate the diverse array of AMPAR assemblies that are differentially expressed in mammalian brains. While recent studies of native receptor complexes have advanced our understanding of endogenous assemblies, receptors thus far have only been isolated from rodent brain tissue. Here, we employed an immunoaffinity purification strategy to isolate native AMPARs from the brains of three different mammals-pigs, sheep, and cows. Compared to rodents, pigs, sheep, and cows are ungulate mammals, animals with closer genomic identity with humans. Here we determined the molecular size, overall yield, and purity of native AMPARs isolated from these three mammals, thereby demonstrating that structural determination and biochemical analysis is possible from a clade of mammals evolutionarily distinct from rodents.