ArticleArchives of virology2023
Genotypes and morphologies of bovine papillomaviruses in Costa Rica.
Article in Archives of virology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Analysis and Bioinformatics Assessment of Full-Length L1 Gene of Bovine Papillomavirus Type-1 as a Potential DNA Vaccine Study.Veterinary medicine international · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) infect the basal layer of the epithelium of bovines, where they persist asymptomatically or produce benign fibroepithelial hyperplasia in the skin or mucosa. The aim of the present study was to describe the genotypes of bovine papillomas at the macroscopic and microscopic level. A descriptive study was carried out using non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Ninety-nine papillomas from 63 animals were collected on 32 farms, as well as information about age, gender, breed, and productive use of the bovines. The location, type, and degree of epithelial invasion of the papillomas were recorded. The samples were subjected to molecular and histopathological analysis. Papillomas were found most frequently on dairy farms (75.0%), in females (95.0%), in cattle of the Holstein breed (45.0%), and in animals over 24 months of age (50.0%). Most of the positive animals had from 1 to 15 papillomas (31.6%) and only one type of papilloma (79.4%). Cauliflower-like papillomas were found in 48.5% of the cases, while atypical papillomas were found in 11.1% of the cases. Cauliflower-like papillomas were found mainly on the udder (14.4%), head (10.0%), and neck (10.0%) and were associated with five BPV genotypes (BPV1, BPV2, BPV6, BPV7, and BPV10), while BPV2 and BPV6 were found to be associated with all types of papillomas (cauliflower, flat, pedunculated, and atypical). The presence of BPV11 in flat papillomas and BPV6 in atypical papillomas is reported here for the first time. Morphology and histopathological findings did not allow differentiation of the BPV genotypes.
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