ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2023
Trends in Nicotine Strength in Electronic Cigarettes Sold in the United States by Flavor, Product Type, and Manufacturer, 2017-2022.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Health Effects from Secondhand Exposure to E-Cigarettes: A Systematic Review of Peer-Reviewed Articles from 2004-2024.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Risk Modulation by Electronic Cigarette Consumption in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Relevance in Cardiac Surgery-A Narrative Review.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Noninvasive repeated sampling technique reveals specific respiratory cytokine signatures for people who use electronic-cigarette and dual-products obtained from a remote cohort of young adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Article
- To Vape or Not to Vape: Oral Health in the Age of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Exploring the Underlying Beliefs Shaping Perceptions of E-cigarette Harm Among a Convenience Sample of Adults in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Public health impact of disposable electronic cigarettes since 2021: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Associations of Impulsivity, Sensation-Seeking, and Peer E-Cigarette Use on the Frequency of E-Cigarette Use Across Young Adulthood.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Article
- Chemical Analysis and Flavor Distribution of Electronic Cigarettes in Australian Schools.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Pregnancy and Postpartum Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Maternal Health and Vascular Function in the Fourth Trimester.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- Disparities in Tobacco use and cravings among sexual and gender minority adolescents in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Characteristics of nicotine product use, perceptions of dependence, and passive exposure among first-year university students in Brazil.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2025Article
- Peers and Young Adult Electronic Nicotine Delivery Use: The Mediating Role of Vaping Attitudes/Beliefs.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Longitudinal examination of ENDS characteristics, flavors, and nicotine content for cigarette cessation: Findings from PATH waves 5-6.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Symptoms of nicotine dependence by e-cigarette and cigarette use behavior and brand: A population-based, nationally representative cross-sectional study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Nicotine dependence among young adults: Comparing exclusive ENDS users to exclusive cigarette smokers.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Most commonly used vaping brands by 18-25 year old young adults in Texas-Spring 2023.PloS one · 2024Article
- Patterns of Daily Cigarette and E-cigarette Use among United States Youth and Young Adults: Insights from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort between 2018 and 2019.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Treatment-seeking young people enrolled in a United States vaping cessation intervention trial report high frequency of use and nicotine dependence.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Vaping ΔExpert review of clinical pharmacologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMost e-cigarettes contain highly addictive nicotine. This study assessed trends in nicotine strength in e-cigarettes sold in the United States during January 2017-March 2022. AIMS AND
methodsWe obtained January 2017-March 2022 national retail e-cigarette sales data from NielsenIQ. We assessed monthly average nicotine strength overall, by e-cigarette product and flavor type, and manufacturer. A Joinpoint regression model assessed the magnitude and significance of changes in nicotine strength.
resultsDuring January 2017-March 2022, monthly average nicotine strength of e-cigarette products increased from 2.5% to 4.4%, an average of 0.8% per month (p < .001). Monthly average nicotine strength of disposable e-cigarettes increased the most (average monthly percentage change [AMPC] = 1.26%, p < .001) as compared to prefilled pods (AMPC = 0.6%, p < .001) and e-liquids (AMPC = 0.5%, p = .218). Monthly average nicotine strength for all flavors of e-cigarette products increased except for mint-flavored products. Increases were greatest for beverage-flavored products (AMPC = 2.1%, p < .001), followed by menthol-flavored products (AMPC = 1.2%, p < .001). Among the top 10 e-cigarette manufacturers assessed, monthly average nicotine strength decreased for Juul Labs products from 5% to 4.7% (AMPC = -0.1%, p < .001) but increased significantly for five manufacturers' products and remained unchanged at 5%-6% for four manufacturers' products.
conclusionsMonthly average nicotine strength of e-cigarette products increased overall, for most product and flavor types, and for some manufacturers in the United States during the study period. Imposing maximum limits on nicotine strength of e-cigarettes together with other evidence-based tobacco control strategies can help reduce the use of e-cigarettes among youth and increase tobacco product cessation among adults. IMPLICATIONS: From January 2017 to March 2022, the monthly average nicotine strength of disposable e-cigarettes increased substantially and exceeded prefilled pods since May 2020. E-cigarettes with menthol flavor and youth-appealing flavors, like fruit, also had sharp increases in monthly average nicotine strength. Among the top 10 e-cigarette manufacturers, monthly average nicotine strength increased or remained unchanged at a high nicotine level for all manufacturers' products, except Juul Lab's products. Comprehensive strategies including restricting sales of all flavored e-cigarettes, restricting youth tobacco product access, and imposing maximum limits on nicotine strength may help reduce youth e-cigarette use and increase tobacco cessation.
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