ArticleScientific reports2023
A network analysis on biopsychosocial factors and pain-related outcomes assessed during a COVID-19 lockdown.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smartphone-Based Physical Performance and Multidimensional Determinants of Self-Reported Knee Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Machine Learning and Network Analysis Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Multidimensional Analysis of the Clinical Spectrum and Symptom Burden of Unexplained Myofascial Pain.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Multidimensional analysis of the clinical spectrum and symptom burden of unexplained myofascial pain.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Mapping the physiological, psychological and social landscape of the oral frailty network: a cross-sectional network analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Social and Societal Factors Interact with Psychological Factors to Shape Pain Outcomes in a Community Sample with Chronic Pain: A Network Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Predictive Ability of Previous Pain and Disease Conditions on the Presentation of Post-COVID Pain in a Danish Cohort of Adult COVID-19 Survivors.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Article
- Symptom network connectivity and interaction among people with HIV in China: secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- A network analysis of pain intensity and pain-related measures of physical, emotional, and social functioning in US military service members with chronic pain.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Advancements in Understanding and Classifying Chronic Orofacial Pain: Key Insights from Biopsychosocial Models and International Classifications (ICHD-3, ICD-11, ICOP).Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Multicentric Case-Control Italian Study.Depression and anxiety · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Psychological stress, social isolation, physical inactivity, and reduced access to care during lockdowns throughout a pandemic negatively impact pain and function. In the context of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Spain, we aimed to investigate how different biopsychosocial factors influence chiropractic patients' pain-related outcomes and vice-versa. A total of 648 chiropractic patients completed online questionnaires including variables from the following categories: demographics, pain outcomes, pain beliefs, impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, stress/anxiety and self-efficacy. Twenty-eight variables were considered in a cross-sectional network analysis to examine bidirectional associations between biopsychosocial factors and pain outcomes. Subgroup analyses were conducted to estimate differences according to gender and symptom duration. The greatest associations were observed between pain duration and pain evolution during lockdown. Participants' age, pain symptoms' evolution during lockdown, and generalized anxiety were the variables with the strongest influence over the whole network. Negative emotions evoked by the pandemic were indirectly associated with pain outcomes, possibly via pain catastrophizing. The network structure of patients reporting acute pain showed important differences when compared to patients with chronic pain. These findings will contribute to identify which factors explain the deleterious effects of both the pandemic and the restrictions on patients living with pain.
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