ArticleThorax2023
Activation of epithelial and inflammatory pathways in adolescent elite athletes exposed to intense exercise and air pollution.
Article in Thorax, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03587675 (Validation Screening Protocol for the Diagnosis of Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction in Young Elite Athletes), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Validation Screening Protocol for the Diagnosis of Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction in Young Elite Athletes (13-18 y)
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential Impacts of Components of Particulate Matter on Epithelial Cell Toxicity and Immune Responses.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Cognitive benefits of air purification among schoolchildren: A randomized, double-blind, crossover trial.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Article
- Interactive effects of air pollutants and viral exposure on daily influenza hospital visits in Mongolia.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Effect of Pharmacological Treatment on Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction and Allergic Inflammatory Response in Endurance Athletes.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- The Possible Role of PMToxics · 2024Article
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Children: State of the Art from Diagnosis to Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleParticipation in high-intensity exercise in early life might act as stressor to the airway barrier.
objectivesTo investigate the effect of intense exercise and associated exposure to air pollution on the airway barrier in adolescent elite athletes compared with healthy controls and to study exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in this population.
methodsEarly-career elite athletes attending 'Flemish-Elite-Sports-Schools' (12-18 years) of 4 different sport disciplines (n=90) and control subjects (n=25) were recruited. Presence of EIB was tested by the eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) test. Markers at mRNA and protein level; RNA-sequencing; carbon load in airway macrophages were studied on induced sputum samples.
results444 genes were differentially expressed in sputum from athletes compared with controls, which were related to inflammation and epithelial cell damage and sputum samples of athletes contained significantly more carbon loaded airway macrophages compared with controls (24%, 95% CI 20% to 36%, p<0.0004). Athletes had significantly higher substance P (13.3 pg/mL, 95% CI 2.0 to 19.2) and calprotectin (1237 ng/mL, 95% CI 531 to 2490) levels as well as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA levels compared with controls (p<0.05). The incidence of EIB in athletes was 9%. The maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%) after EVH test in athletes was significantly associated with prior PM
conclusionEarly-career elite athletes showed increased markers of air pollution exposure, epithelial damage and airway inflammation compared with controls. Acute exposure to increased air pollution PM TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03587675.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.