Observational studyBMJ open2023
Quality of care in the course of subcutaneous versus intravenous trastuzumab administration in patients with breast cancer: an integrated time-motion study with mixed-methods research.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time and Motion Study to Quantify Time for Tysabri (Natalizumab) Intravenous Versus Subcutaneous to Treat Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis in France, Spain, and the United Kingdom.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- A Time and Motion Study Comparing Subcutaneous Pembrolizumab Versus Intravenous Pembrolizumab in Combination with Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Advances in therapy · 2025Observational
- Societal Costs and Efficiency of Subcutaneous versus Intravenous Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer's Disease: A U.S. Cost Comparison Model.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Cost minimization analysis of subcutaneous trastuzumab versus intravenous biosimilar trastuzumab: policy recommendations for breast cancer treatment in Malaysia.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- A Time Study Analysis of Fluoride Varnish Application in Pediatric Well Visits to Address Health Disparities among Children.Journal of applied research on industrial engineering · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to compare the time required and concerns raised by various perspectives of participants regarding administering subcutaneous and intravenous trastuzumab for patients with breast cancer (BC).
designThis observational time-motion study design with mixed-methods research (cross-sectional surveys and semistructured interviews) was conducted. The time spent on preparing or administering trastuzumab by different healthcare professionals (HCPs) was recorded. The data were analysed by descriptive/inferential statistical analyses, followed by thematic analyses.
settingOutpatient and inpatient administration units of a single medical centre in Taiwan.
participantsThe study included patients with early-stage BC who received subcutaneous or intravenous trastuzumab (n=93), and HCPs including two attending physicians, a nurse practitioner, two pharmacists and two nurses.
resultBased on the perspectives of patients and HCPs, the subcutaneous form of trastuzumab was more efficient, less expensive and produced less discomfort in outpatient units than inpatient units. More participants preferred the subcutaneous form over the intravenous form in both outpatient and inpatient units. Pharmacists and nurse practitioners spent threefold more time on patients when preparing and administering the intravenous form in both outpatient and inpatient units. The concerns raised by patients and HCPs varied in certain aspects, including the injection skills, speed, mental distress (eg, needle phobia) and pain associated with the subcutaneous form. Almost all patients preferred receiving the subcutaneous form in outpatient units after the initial COVID-19 outbreak.
conclusionPatients with early-stage BC preferred receiving subcutaneous trastuzumab in outpatient units rather than inpatient units or the intravenous form before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Such findings may serve as real-world evidence to facilitate better quality of care regarding administration of subcutaneous or intravenous trastuzumab in medical settings, and its feasible resolutions to balance the quality, concerns and efficiency of anticancer administration during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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