ArticleWorld journal of hepatology2023
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with nephrotic syndrome: A population-based study.
Article in World journal of hepatology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06157125 (Assessment of the Association Between Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease MFLD and Glomerulonephritis), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Assessment of the Association Between Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease MFLD and Glomerulonephritis
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Identification of key genes in membranous nephropathy and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by bioinformatics and machine learning.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Celiac Disease: A Population-Based Study.Cureus · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health concern with a prevalence of about 25% amongst United States adults. Its increased prevalence is attributed to increase in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome, partly due to similar mechanisms of injury. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical entity resulting from extensive proteinuria leading to hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, edema, and other complications. Given its association with hyperlipidemia, there is concern that patients with NS may be at increased risk of NAFLD.
aimTo perform a cross-sectional population-based study to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in patients with NS.
methodsA large multicenter database (Explorys Inc., Cleveland, OH, United States) was utilized for this retrospective cohort study. A cohort of 49700 patients with a diagnosis of "Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease" using the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) between 1999-2022 was identified. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, presence of NAFLD, presence of NS. There were no specific exclusion criteria. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to adjust for multiple risk factors including age, gender, Caucasian race, NS, type II diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Statistical analysis was conducted using R, and for all analyses, a 2-sided
resultsAmong the 78734750 individuals screened in this database, there were a total of 49700 subjects with NAFLD. In univariate analysis, the odds of having NAFLD in patients with NS, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease were 14.84 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) 13.67-16.10], 17.05 (95%CI 16.78-17.32), 6.99 (95%CI 6.87-7.11), 13.61 (95%CI 13.38-13.84), 19.19 (95%CI 18.89-19.50), 29.09 (95%CI 28.26--29.95), and 9.05 (95%CI 8.88-9.22), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the odds of having NAFLD amongst patients with NS were increased to 1.85 (95%Cl 1.70-2.02), while the odds were also remained high in patients that have type 2 diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR) 3.84], hypothyroidism (OR 1.57), obesity (OR 5.10), hyperlipidemia (OR 3.09), metabolic syndrome (OR 3.42) and chronic kidney disease (OR 1.33).
conclusionPatients with NS are frequently found to have NAFLD, even when adjusting for common risk factors. Hence, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion regarding presence of NAFLD in patients with NS.
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