ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2023
The link between bone-derived factors osteocalcin, fibroblast growth factor 23, sclerostin, lipocalin 2 and tumor bone metastasis.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunohistochemical Evaluation of RUNX2, Osteocalcin, and Vimentin in Feline Primary Pulmonary Carcinomas.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Bone‑origin repair in diabetic foot ulcers: Mechanisms of callus formation and endocrine effects in healing (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Osteocalcin Beyond Bone: Molecular Mechanisms, Endocrine Networks, and Translational Perspectives Across Metabolism, Neurobiology, and Chronic Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- FGF-23 facilitates osteosarcoma metastasis by modulating the miR-4463/LOXL2 axis expression via the ERK, p38, and JNK signaling pathway.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Defining the Tumor-Bone axis: the role of extracellular vesicles in a crucial exchange route for breast cancer development and progression.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Review
- Article
- GluOC Induced SLC7A11 and SLC38A1 to Activate Redox Processes and Resist Ferroptosis in TNBC.Cancers · 2025Article
- Prognostic value, biological role, and mechanisms of LCN2 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.American journal of cancer research · 2025Article
- The Role of Bone-Derived Osteocalcin in Testicular Steroidogenesis: Contributing Factor to Male Fertility.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Link Between the Gut Microbiome and Bone Metastasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Impacts of radiation therapy on quality of life and pain relief in patients with bone metastases.World journal of orthopedics · 2024Review
- Interrelationships among metabolic syndrome, bone-derived cytokines, and the most common metabolic syndrome-related diseases negatively affecting bone quality.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- GluOC promotes proliferation and metastasis of TNBC through the ROCK1 signaling pathway.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Assessment of bone turnover markers and DXA parameters to predict bone metastasis progression during zoledronate treatment: a single-center experience.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Role of Erk5 expressed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on bone homeostasis and its potential applications in cancer treatment.Oncoscience · 2024Article
- Sea buckthorn and its flavonoids isorhamnetin, quercetin, and kaempferol favorably influence bone and breast tissue health.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Expression of Immune-Related and Inflammatory Markers and Their Prognostic Impact in Colorectal Cancer Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The skeleton is the third most common site of metastatic disease, which causes serious bone complications and short-term prognosis in cancer patients. Prostate and breast cancers are responsible for the majority of bone metastasis, resulting in osteolytic or osteoblastic lesions. The crosstalk between bone cells and their interactions with tumor cells are important in the development of lesions. Recently, both preclinical and clinical studies documented the clinical relevance of bone-derived factors, including osteocalcin (OC) and its undercarboxylated form (ucOC), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), sclerostin (SCL), and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) as prognostic tumor biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in bone metastasis. Both OC and ucOC could be useful targets for the prevention of bone metastasis in breast cancer. Moreover, elevated OC level may be a metastatic marker of prostate cancer. FGF23 is particularly important for those forms of cancer that primarily affect bone and/or are characterized by bone metastasis. In other tumor entities, increased FGF23 level is enigmatic. SCL plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions, as its levels are high in metastatic breast and prostate cancers. Elevated expression levels of LCN2 have been found in aggressive subtypes of cancer. However, its role in anti-metastasis varies significantly between different cancer types. Anyway, all aforementioned bone-derived factors can be used as promising tumor biomarkers. As metastatic bone disease is generally not curable, targeting bone factors represents a new trend in the prevention of bone metastasis and patient care.
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