ArticleEuropean heart journal2023
Cardiac sarcoidosis: phenotypes, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Article in European heart journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
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Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Practical Guide for Cardiologists.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Seeing Beyond the Surface: ECG Clues of Multilayer Arrhythmogenic Substrate.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Electroanatomic Voltage-Guided Endomyocardial Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Isolated Cardiac Sarcoidosis.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Active clinically isolated cardiac sarcoidosis with inactive pulmonary sequelae: incremental diagnostic value of multimodality imaging: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Giant cell myocarditis: from immune pathogenesis to contemporary management.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Endomyocardial Biopsies in the Diagnostic Workup of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Myocarditis.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Surgical Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation in Active Inflammatory Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Rethinking Conventional Timing Paradigms.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Workup and management of rhythm disorders in myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy: a clinical consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Failure Association of the ESC, the ESC Working Group on Myocardial & Pericardial Diseases, the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the ESC, the Heart Rhythm Society, the Asian Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Acute and Chronic Myocarditis in Men and Women.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Cardiac sarcoidosis: new insights beyond the granuloma using spatial proteomics.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Diagnostic and prognostic value of T2 mapping in cardiac sarcoidosis.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026Article
- The inflammatory fingerprint reveals immune cell populations associated with disease activity in cardiac sarcoidosis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Ventricular Tachycardia as the Initial Presentation of Tuberculous Myocarditis.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Optimizing Perioperative Management of Sarcoidosis in Noncardiac Surgery: A Focused Review and Practical Framework.Anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Redefining Cardiac Sarcoidosis with Advanced Imaging and Therapeutic Strategies.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026Review
- Diagnostic dilemma between probable cardiac sarcoidosis and non-granulomatous myocarditis: a grand round case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Non-Dilated Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (NDLVC): A Name, Multiple Souls.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Global epidemiology of myocarditis: disparities in age, sex and geography.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Unmasking Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Integrating Multimodal Imaging with Histochemical and Ultrastructural Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Implications of the 2024 American Heart Association Classification of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Characteristics and Outcome of Patients Across the Continuum of Diagnostic Likelihood.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) results from epithelioid cell granulomas infiltrating the myocardium and predisposing to conduction disturbances, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and heart failure. Manifest CS, however, constitutes only the top of an iceberg as advanced imaging uncovers cardiac involvement 4 to 5 times more commonly than what is clinically detectable. Definite diagnosis of CS requires myocardial biopsy and histopathology, but a sufficient diagnostic likelihood can be achieved by combining extracardiac histology of sarcoidosis with clinical manifestations and findings on cardiac imaging. CS can appear as the first or only organ manifestation of sarcoidosis or on top of pre-existing extracardiac disease. Due to the lack of controlled trials, the care of CS is based on observational evidence of low quality. Currently, the treatment involves corticosteroid-based, tiered immunosuppression to control myocardial inflammation with medical and device-based therapy for symptomatic atrioventricular block, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and heart failure. Recent outcome data indicate 90% to 96% 5-year survival in manifest CS with the 10-year figures ranging from 80% to 90%. Major progress in the care of CS awaits the key to its molecular-genetic pathogenesis and large-scale controlled clinical trials.
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