Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36923495›Full record

ArticleRisk management and healthcare policy2023

The Association Between Screen Time and Outdoor Time on Adolescent Mental Health and Academic Performance: Evidence from Rural China.

Huan Wang, Cody Abbey, Thomas Kennedy, Erik Feng, Robin Li, Finley Liu, Annli Zhu, Sharon Shen, Prateek Wadhavkar, Scott Rozelle and 1 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Risk management and healthcare policy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Huan WangStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3219-7226
Cody AbbeyStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1281-5472
Thomas KennedyStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8024-1522
Erik FengStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robin LiStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Finley LiuStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Annli ZhuStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sharon ShenStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2953-6840
Prateek WadhavkarStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Scott RozelleStanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Manpreet K SinghStanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: We examine how adolescent free time allocation-namely, screen time and outdoor time-is associated with mental health and academic performance in rural China. Methods: This paper used a large random sample of rural junior high school students in Ningxia (n = 20,375; Results: Our sample's screen time and outdoor time both averaged around 1 hour. About 10% of the sample adolescents reported behavioral difficulties, while a similar percentage (11%) reported abnormal prosocial behaviors. Adolescents with higher levels of screen time (>2 hours) were 3 percentage points more likely to have higher levels of behavioral difficulties (p<0.001), indicating that excessive screen time was associated with worse mental health. Meanwhile, outdoor time was associated with better mental health, and positive correlations were observed at all levels of outdoor time (compared to no outdoor time, decreasing the likelihood of higher levels of behavioral difficulties by between 3 and 4 percentage points and of lower prosocial scores by between 6 and 8 percentage points; all p's<0.001). For academic performance, average daily screen times of up to 1 hour and 1-2 hours were both positively associated with standardized math scores (0.08 SD, p<0.001; 0.07 SD, p<0.01, respectively), whereas there were no significant associations between outdoor time and academic performance. Conclusion: Using a large sample size, this study was the first to examine the association between adolescent free time allocation with mental health and academic performance, providing initial insights into how rural Chinese adolescents can optimize their free time.

Indexed as

adolescent outcomecorrelational analysisdeveloping countriesfree time allocation

Identifiers

PMID36923495
PMCPMC10010124

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.