ArticleJournal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open2023
Accuracy of physician self-estimation of time spent during patient care in the emergency department.
Article in Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of an AI Medical Scribe After 236,153 Notes Generated Across Care Levels in a European Health System: Mixed Methods Retrospective Observational Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Observational
- Do billing codes accurately reflect pediatric emergency physician workload? A cross-sectional study.CJEM · 2026Article
- Effect of a generative artificial intelligence digital scribe on pediatric provider documentation time, cognitive burden, and burnout.JAMIA open · 2025Article
- Emergency physicians spend more time caring for patients who prefer a language other than English which may not be accounted for in reimbursement structures.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024Article
- Exploration of Electronic Health Record Patterns of Emergency Physicians-Charting the Digital Burden.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Accuracy of physician self-estimation of time spent during patient care in the emergency department.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Accurate measurement of physicians' time spent during patient care stands to inform emergency department (ED) improvement efforts. Direct observation is time consuming and cost prohibitive, so we sought to determine if physician self-estimation of time spent during patient care was accurate. Methods: We performed a prospective, convenience-sample study in which research assistants measured time spent by ED physicians in patient care. At the conclusion of each observed encounter, physicians estimated their time spent. Using Mann-Whitney Results: Among 214 encounters across 10 physicians, we observed a medium-sized correlation between actual and estimated time (Spearman's rho = 0.63, Conclusions: Physician self-estimation of time spent was accurate in aggregate, providing evidence that it is a valid surrogate marker for larger-scale process improvement and research activities, but likely not at the encounter level. Investigations exploring mechanisms to augment physician self-estimation, including modeling and technological support, may yield pathways to make self-estimation valid also at the encounter level.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.