Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36917397›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2024

Vigilance and Protection: How Asian and Pacific Islander, Black, Latina, and Middle Eastern Women Cope with Racism.

Shaniece Criss, Melanie Kim, Monica M De La Cruz, Nhung Thai, Quynh C Nguyen, Yulin Hswen, Gilbert C Gee, Thu T Nguyen

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Psychological and Clinical Risk Factors for Substance Use in People With and Without HIV.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Shaniece CrissDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC, 29613, USA. shaniece.criss@furman.edu.
Melanie KimDepartment of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Monica M De La CruzSchool of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Nhung ThaiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Quynh C NguyenDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Yulin HswenDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Gilbert C GeeDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Thu T NguyenDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
University of California, Berkeley · USUniversity of Maryland, College Park · USBrown University · USFurman University · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Risk and strength: determining the impact of area-level sentiment and protective factors on birth outcomesR01MD015716 · NIMHD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI NGUYEN, THU · 2021 to 2025
$3.6M
Rosie the Chatbot: Leveraging Automated and Personalized Health Information Communication to Reduce Disparities in Maternal and Child HealthR01MD016037 · NIMHD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI NGUYEN, THU, NORELL, ELIZABETH MARIE · 2021 to 2025
$3.3M
Neighborhood Looking Glass: 360 Degree Automated Characterization of the Built Environment for Neighborhood Effects ResearchR01LM012849 · NLM · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI NGUYEN, QUYNH · 2018 to 2021
$1.3M
Place-level discrimination and birth outcomesR00MD012615 · NIMHD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI NGUYEN, THU · 2020 to 2022
$720k
NIMHD NIH HHS R00 MD012615NIMHD NIH HHS R00MD012615NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD015716NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD015716NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD016037NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD016037NLM NIH HHS R01 LM012849
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResearch is needed to fully investigate the differential mechanisms racial and ethnic groups use to deal with ongoing intersectional racism in women's lives. The aim of this paper was to understand how Asian American and Pacific Islander, Black, Latina, and Middle Eastern women experience racism-from personal perceptions and interactions to coping mechanisms and methods of protection.

methodsA purposive sample of 52 participants participated in 11 online racially/ethnically homogeneous focus groups conducted throughout the USA. A team consensus approach was utilized with codebook development and thematic analysis.

resultsThe findings relate to personal perceptions and interactions related to race and ethnicity, methods of protection against racism, vigilant behavior based on safety concerns, and unity across people of color. A few unique concerns by group included experiences of racism including physical violence among Asian American Pacific Islander groups, police brutality among Black groups, immigration discrimination in Latina groups, and religious discrimination in Middle Eastern groups. Changes in behavior for safety and protection include altering methods of transportation, teaching their children safety measures, and defending their immigration status. They shared strategies to help racial and ethnic minorities against racism including mental health resources and greater political representation. All racial and ethnic groups discussed the need for unity, solidarity, and allyship across various communities of color but for it to be authentic and long-lasting.

conclusionGreater understanding of the types of racism specific groups experience can inform policies and cultural change to reduce those factors.

Indexed as

Coping SkillsRacismAsian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific IslanderBlack or African AmericanChildEmigrants and ImmigrantsFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansAsian American and Pacific IslanderBlackCopingLatinaMiddle EasternRacismWomen

Identifiers

PMID36917397
PMCPMC10013280
OpenAlexW4324128632

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.