ArticleQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery2023
A novel standardized approach for the 3D evaluation of upper eyelid area and volume.
Article in Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Establishment and Validation of a Standardized Midface Assessment Protocol Using Three-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetry.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- STB-Net: a Siamese architecture-based reconstruction-segmentation network for ocular surface image segmentation.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Eyelid edema reduction following blepharoplasty: a 3D imaging-based pilot study on the efficacy of Hilotherapy.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Upper Eyelid Anatomy and Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty: A Systematic Review.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Racial and sexual differences of eyebrow and eyelid morphology: three-dimensional analysis in young Caucasian and Chinese populations.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Periocular Asymmetry Index in Caucasian Populations Using Three-dimensional Photogrammetry Assessment.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Quantifying Dermatochalasis Using 3-Dimensional Photogrammetry.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging and morphometrics are becoming the preferred craniofacial surface imaging modality. However, as a unique advantage of 3D imaging, areal and volumetric measurements have been rarely conducted and validated for evaluating soft tissue change in the periocular region, especially the upper eyelids. Therefore, based on an existing periocular landmark identification strategy, we proposed a novel modified method to define a standardized upper eyelid region for areal and volumetric measurements and validate its reliability for future clinical application. Methods: Forty-four healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Three-dimensional facial images were taken with a 3D imaging system. Subsequently, the upper eyelid region selection and areal and volumetric measurements were conducted using a modified landmarks localization strategy to evaluate their intrarater, interrater, and intramethod reliability. Results: Areal measurement of the upper eyelid revealed highly reliable outcomes for intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), mean absolute difference (MAD), relative error measurement (REM), technical error of measurement (TEM), and relative technical error of measurement (%TEM) of 0.982, 0.1620 cm Conclusions: This is the first study to propose a standardized upper eyelid region selection strategy and simultaneously validate its reliability for 3D areal and volumetric measurements. This study confirmed the high-level reliability of areal measurement and poor reliability of volumetric measurement based on direct measurements using a single image, which may provide better results when this method is combined with the image overlapping and registration procedure. However, this is subject to further validation. Nonetheless, this method could provide quantitative areal and volumetric data on the upper eyelids and might have widespread application potential in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.