Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36914970›Full record

ReviewCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2023

Thymoma-associated autoimmune encephalitis: Analysis of factors determining prognosis.

Wenli Song, Keru Li, Jiao Li, Xiaoni Liu, Xiaoke Wu, Xiaodong Xu, Kangping Xiong, Xiangjun Chen, Yanlin Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Wenli SongDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Keru LiDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Jiao LiDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Xiaoni LiuDepartment of Neurology, Huashan Hospital and Institute of Neurology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoke WuDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Xiaodong XuDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Kangping XiongDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Xiangjun ChenDepartment of Neurology, Huashan Hospital and Institute of Neurology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8108-9013
Yanlin ZhangDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2936-1005
Soochow University · CNFudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory central nervous system disorders caused by a misdirected immune response against self-antigens expressed in the central nervous system. The thymus is a central organ in the immune system and thymic tumors are thought to be possible initiators of many neurological disorders. Recently, there is growing evidence that thymomas are associated with autoimmune encephalitis.

aimsOur study initially explored the characteristics of patients with autoimmune encephalitis combined with thymoma.

methodsWe used patient data from January 1, 2011 to October 1, 2021 from the PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, and CNKI platforms to analyze overall demographics, frequency of symptoms and associations, and treatment prognosis outcomes.

resultsA total of 68 patients were included. There were 39 female cases (57.4%). The mean age was 50 years (IQR 40-66 years). All had acute and subacute onset. The clinical manifestations were mostly cognitive changes (70.6%), mental disorders (57.4%), and epilepsy (50.0%). The most common neuronal antibody was alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities were present in 81.0% of patients, mostly in the hippocampus, temporal lobe, and some in cortical and subcortical areas. Abnormalities in the electroencephalogram (EEG) in 69.8% of patients. Treatment involved immunotherapy and thymoma treatment, with 79.7% of patients improving after treatment. While 20.3% of patients had a poor prognosis. Further, 14.8% of patients relapsed. Mental disorders, autonomic dysfunction, sleep disturbances, anti-Ma2, and thymoma untreated were more frequent in patients with poor prognosis.

conclusionThymoma-associated autoimmune encephalitis is a unique disease entity. Long-term follow-up of chest CT findings is recommended for patients with autoimmune encephalitis.

Indexed as

Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous SystemThymomaThymus NeoplasmsAutoantibodiesEncephalitisFemaleHashimoto DiseaseHumansMiddle AgedPrognosisAutoantibodiesautoimmune encephalitisimmune disordersprognosisthymomatreatment

Identifiers

PMID36914970
PMCPMC10068466
OpenAlexW4324129974

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.