ArticlePloS one2023
The indelible toll of enteric pathogens: Prevalence, clinical characterization, and seasonal trends in patients with acute community-acquired diarrhea in disenfranchised communities.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC).Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance and virulence patterns ofInfectious medicine · 2026Article
- EnteroaggregativeEcoSal Plus · 2025Review
- Commentary on "Gastrointestinal illness among attendees of the FIFA Football World Cup 2022 in Qatar".IJID regions · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Hospitalizations Associated with Pediatric Adenovirus and Rotavirus Infections in Northern Lebanon.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Serotype Distribution ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Environmental Exposures Associated with Enteropathogen Infection in Six-Month-Old Children Enrolled in the ECoMiD Cohort along a Rural-Urban Gradient in Northern Ecuador†.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Shifting respiratory pathogens: Post-COVID-19 trends in community-acquired infections in underserved communities.PloS one · 2025Article
- Chemical inactivation of two non-enveloped viruses results in distinct thermal unfolding patterns and morphological alterations.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Enhancing enteric pathogen detection: implementation and impact of multiplex PCR for improved diagnosis and surveillance.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Spotlight on the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles ofFuture microbiology · 2024Review
- Genomic analysis ofMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Parasitic Contamination of Fresh Leafy Green Vegetables Sold in Northern Lebanon.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is little information on the epidemiology of enteric pathogens in Lebanon, a low- and middle-income country that suffers from a myriad of public health challenges. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to assess the prevalence of enteric pathogens, identify risk factors and seasonal variations, and describe associations between pathogens among diarrheic patients in the Lebanese community. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL
findingsA multicenter cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the north of Lebanon. Stool samples were collected from 360 outpatients suffering from acute diarrhea. Based on fecal examination using the BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal Panel assay, the overall prevalence of enteric infections was 86.1%. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) was the most frequently identified (41.7%), followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (40.8%) and rotavirus A (27.5%). Notably, two cases of Vibrio cholerae were identified, while Cryptosporidium spp. (6.9%) was the most common parasitic agent. Overall, 27.7% (86/310) of the cases were single infections, and the majority, 73.3% (224/310), were mixed infections. Multivariable logistic regression models showed that enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and rotavirus A infections were significantly more likely to occur in the fall and winter compared to the summer. Rotavirus A infections significantly decreased with age but increased in patients living in rural areas or suffering from vomiting. We identified strong associations in the co-occurrence of EAEC, EPEC, and ETEC infections and a higher percentage of rotavirus A and norovirus GI/GII infections among EAEC-positive cases.
conclusionsSeveral of the enteric pathogens reported in this study are not routinely tested in Lebanese clinical laboratories. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that diarrheal diseases are on the rise due to widespread pollution and the deterioration of the economy. Therefore, this study is of paramount importance to identify circulating etiologic agents and prioritize dwindling resources to control them and limit outbreaks in the future.
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