ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
New-age vaccine adjuvants, their development, and future perspective.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed.
- Computational systems immunology and multi-scale modeling for the design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine (MEV) against emerging multidrug-resistant Klebsiella michiganensis.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16 nanostructured adjuvant platform as a safe and effective alternative in Bothrops diporus antivenom production.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Advances in Therapeutic Melanoma Vaccines (2010-2025).Vaccines · 2026Review
- Article
- High-throughput antigen discovery using Functional Genomic Vaccinology (FGV) identifies protective Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine candidates.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Design and Immunogenicity of a Nanoparticle Combination Vaccine for Salmonella in Poultry.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology in Medicine: A Comprehensive Review.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- α-Synuclein-Targeted Immunotherapies in Parkinson's Disease: In Silico, In Vitro and Clinical Perspectives.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Charting the Path Forward for HIV Immune-Based Prevention: Contributions of the Division of AIDS at NIAID.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Dual role of ascorbyl Palmitate as coagel and adjuvant in experimental antivenom development.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Cooperative supramolecular integration of QS-21 into polymeric micelles as a tunable nanoadjuvant platform for subunit vaccines.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Graphene quantum dot-coated mesoporous silica loaded with glucosamine sulfate as a potent antigen delivery system for immunoactivation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Investigating the In Vitro Immunomodulatory Potential of Microparticulate β-L-Adenosine in Particulate Vaccine Candidates.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Review
- Re-shaping the immune response to influenza vaccination in a host with immune memory from influenza infection.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Mesoporous silicon microparticles enhance antiviral immunity and memory responses against SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Development of a novel multi-epitope vaccine against Ureaplasma urealyticum infection through reverse vaccinology approach.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Heat-Inactivated Selenium Nanoparticle-EnrichedMicroorganisms · 2026Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the present scenario, immunization is of utmost importance as it keeps us safe and protects us from infectious agents. Despite the great success in the field of vaccinology, there is a need to not only develop safe and ideal vaccines to fight deadly infections but also improve the quality of existing vaccines in terms of partial or inconsistent protection. Generally, subunit vaccines are known to be safe in nature, but they are mostly found to be incapable of generating the optimum immune response. Hence, there is a great possibility of improving the potential of a vaccine in formulation with novel adjuvants, which can effectively impart superior immunity. The vaccine(s) in formulation with novel adjuvants may also be helpful in fighting pathogens of high antigenic diversity. However, due to the limitations of safety and toxicity, very few human-compatible adjuvants have been approved. In this review, we mainly focus on the need for new and improved vaccines; the definition of and the need for adjuvants; the characteristics and mechanisms of human-compatible adjuvants; the current status of vaccine adjuvants, mucosal vaccine adjuvants, and adjuvants in clinical development; and future directions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.