ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2023
The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal validation of the relationship between 35 blood and urine biomarkers and hyperthyroidism: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Association Between Thyroid Function Indicators and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Effect Modification by Iodine Nutritional Status.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Associations between indicators of lipid and glucose metabolism and hypothyroidism.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Thyroid Hormones and Fat Distribution in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in People Living with HIV-1.Current HIV research · 2025Article
- Association Between Thyroid Function Parameters and Plasma Branched-Chain Amino and Keto Acids in Patients With Euthyroid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- MAFLD as part of systemic metabolic dysregulation.Hepatology international · 2024Review
- Baseline and change in serum lipid and uric acid level over time and incident of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese adults.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Correlation Between Thyroid Hormone and Controlled Attenuation Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Elevated thyroid autoantibodies as risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains controversial. Additionally, little is known about the relationship between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD in the Chinese population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 177,540 individuals with thyroid function tests and MAFLD diagnosis from 2010-2018. The association between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD was evaluated on a continuous scale with restricted cubic spline (RCS) models and by the prior-defined centile categories with multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. Thyroid function parameters included free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetra-iodothyronine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Additionally, fully adjusted RCS models stratified by sex, age, and location were studied. Results: In the RCS models, the risk of MAFLD increased with higher levels of FT3 when FT3 <5.58pmol/L, while the risk of MAFLD decreased with higher levels of FT3 when FT3 ≥5.58pmol/L (P nonlinearity <0.05). While RCS analysis suggested that the FT4 levels had a negative association with MAFLD (P nonlinearity <0.05), indicating an increase in FT4 levels was associated with a decreased risk of MAFLD. RCS analysis suggested an overall positive association between the concentration of TSH and MAFLD risk (P nonlinearity <0.05). The rising slope was sharper when the TSH concentration was less than 1.79uIU/mL, which indicated the association between TSH and MAFLD risk was tightly interrelated within this range. The multivariable logistic regression showed that populations in the 81st-95th centile had the highest risk of MAFLD among all centiles of FT3/TSH, with the 1st-5th centile as the reference category. Conclusions: Our study suggested nonlinear relationships between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD. Thyroid function parameters could be additional modifiable risk factors apart from the proven risk factors to steer new avenues regarding MAFLD prevention and treatment.
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