Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36909087›Full record

ArticleCureus2023

People's Perspective on Out-of-Pocket Expenditure for Healthcare: A Qualitative Study From Pune, India.

Deepu Palal, Sudhir L Jadhav, Shweta Gangurde, Kavita Thakur, Hetal Rathod, Johnson S, Prerna Verma, Sandeep Nallapu, Akhil Revikumar, Gayatri R Nair

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. "International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Deepu PalalCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Sudhir L JadhavCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Shweta GangurdeCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Kavita ThakurCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Hetal RathodCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Johnson SCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Prerna VermaCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Sandeep NallapuCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Akhil RevikumarCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Gayatri R NairCommunity Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Out-Of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) directly reflects the burden of health expenses that households bear. Despite the availability of social security schemes providing healthcare benefits, a high proportion of Indian households are still incurring OOPE. In order to recognize the reasons behind OOPE, a comprehensive understanding of people's attitudes and behavior is needed. Methodology By purposive sampling, 16 in-depth interviews were conducted using an interview guide in the catchment area of urban and rural health centers of a tertiary healthcare hospital. Interviews were conducted in Marathi and Hindi and were audio tape-recorded after taking informed consent. The interviews were transcribed and translated into English, followed by a thematic analysis. Results Although most participants knew that government hospitals provide facilities and experienced doctors, inconvenience and unsatisfactory quality deter them from utilizing government facilities. A few had experiences with government schemes; almost all concur that the formality and procedure of claiming insurance are cumbersome and all have had bad experiences. Cost of medications and consultation accounted for the majority of the healthcare expenditures. While some participants had benefitted from insurance, few regretted not enrolling in one. Conclusion The awareness regarding government schemes was derisory. Government-financed health insurance schemes and their utilization are crucial to reducing OOPE. Efforts should be made to increase accessibility to public healthcare services. Nevertheless, there is potential to redress the barriers to improve scheme utilization.

Indexed as

cost of hospitalizationcost of investigationsgovernment and private sectorgovernment health schemelack of health care provider knowledgelack of health insurancenational health insurance reformout-of-pocket expenditure (oope)qualitative approachurban and rural communities

Identifiers

PMID36909087
PMCPMC9993438

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.