Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36904992›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Calibration Methods for Time-to-Digital Converters.

Wassim Khaddour, Wilfried Uhring, Foudil Dadouche, Norbert Dumas, Morgan Madec

Full text read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wassim KhaddourICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, 23 Rue du Loess, CEDEX, 67037 Strasbourg, France.ORCID 0009-0008-8275-9948
Wilfried UhringICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, 23 Rue du Loess, CEDEX, 67037 Strasbourg, France.ORCID 0000-0002-6318-4500
Foudil DadoucheICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, 23 Rue du Loess, CEDEX, 67037 Strasbourg, France.ORCID 0000-0002-6781-7547
Norbert DumasICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, 23 Rue du Loess, CEDEX, 67037 Strasbourg, France.
Morgan MadecICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, 23 Rue du Loess, CEDEX, 67037 Strasbourg, France.ORCID 0000-0001-9537-642X

Funding

Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR-15-CE11-0006Interreg WPS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this paper, two of the most common calibration methods of synchronous TDCs, which are the bin-by-bin calibration and the average-bin-width calibration, are first presented and compared. Then, an innovative new robust calibration method for asynchronous TDCs is proposed and evaluated. Simulation results showed that: (i) For a synchronous TDC, the bin-by-bin calibration, applied to a histogram, does not improve the TDC's differential non-linearity (DNL); nevertheless, it improves its Integral Non-Linearity (INL), whereas the average-bin-width calibration significantly improves both the DNL and the INL. (ii) For an asynchronous TDC, the DNL can be improved up to 10 times by applying the bin-by-bin calibration, whereas the proposed method is almost independent of the non-linearity of the TDC and can improve the DNL up to 100 times. The simulation results were confirmed by experiments carried out using real TDCs implemented on a Cyclone V SoC-FPGA. For an asynchronous TDC, the proposed calibration method is 10 times better than the bin-by-bin method in terms of the DNL improvement.

Indexed as

asynchronous TDCaverage-bin-width calibrationbin-by-bin calibrationcalibration techniquesdifferential non-linearity (DNL)integral non-linearity (INL)matrix calibrationsynchronous TDCtime-to-digital converter (TDC)

Identifiers

PMID36904992
PMCPMC10007395

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read2
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.