Trial reportNutrients2023
Effects of a Synbiotic on Plasma Immune Activity Markers and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Children and Adults with ADHD-A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07756255 (Feasibility, Safety and Tolerability of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Adolescent Population With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Feasibility, Safety and Tolerability of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Adolescent Population With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders and intestinal disorders: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the beneficial effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on ADHD.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Pooled it
- Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for patients with autism spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis and umbrella review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- The efficacy of preemptive multimodal analgesia in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Add-OnNutrients · 2024Trial
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiome and ADHD: A Narrative Review of Clinical Evidence and Practice Implications.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Review
- Effects of methylphenidate on the human vascular endothelium.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota and western dietary patterns associated with behavioral problems in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.Nutrition journal · 2026Article
- The Gut-Brain Axis as a Mediator of Environmental Endocrine Disruptors in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Mechanistic Synthesis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Review
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Immunoregulatory Effects of Sepia Ink on ADHD-like Phenotypes.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Cholecystectomy-induced gut dysbiosis and its consequences: bridging animal models and clinical outcomes in narrative review.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Beyond the gut: decoding the gut-immune-brain axis in health and disease.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- A narrative review of research advances in gut microbiota and microecological agents in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- The overlooked role of microbiota-gut-brain communication in child psychiatry: a call for integration in early intervention strategies.Communicative & integrative biology · 2025Article
- Alterations in Gut Microbiota Composition Are Associated with Changes in Emotional Distress in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- The gut microbiota-brain axis in neurological disorders.MedComm · 2024Review
- Gut Microbiota and Clinical Manifestations in Thai Pediatric Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Synbiotic 2000, a pre + probiotic, reduced comorbid autistic traits and emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients. Immune activity and bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are microbiota-gut-brain axis mediators. The aim was to investigate Synbiotic 2000 effects on plasma levels of immune activity markers and SCFAs in children and adults with ADHD. ADHD patients (n = 182) completed the 9-week intervention with Synbiotic 2000 or placebo and 156 provided blood samples. Healthy adult controls (n = 57) provided baseline samples. At baseline, adults with ADHD had higher pro-inflammatory sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 and lower SCFA levels than controls. Children with ADHD had higher baseline sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-2Rα, and lower formic, acetic, and propionic acid levels than adults with ADHD. sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and propionic acid levels were more abnormal in children on medication. Synbiotic 2000, compared to placebo, reduced IL-12/IL-23p40 and sICAM-1 and increased propionic acid levels in children on medication. SCFAs correlated negatively with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1. Preliminary human aortic smooth-muscle-cell experiments indicated that SCFAs protected against IL-1β-induced ICAM-1 expression. These findings suggest that treatment with Synbiotic 2000 reduces IL12/IL-23p40 and sICAM-1 and increases propionic acid levels in children with ADHD. Propionic acid, together with formic and acetic acid, may contribute to the lowering of the higher-than-normal sICAM-1 levels.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.